Terminologies in Introduction to Pharmacology

Question 1

Pharmacology

Answer 1

The study of drugs and their interaction with living things which encmpasses the physical, and chemical properties, biochemical and physiologic effects.

Question 2

Clinical Pharmacology

Answer 2

The study of drugs in human for patients and heathy volunteers.

Question 3

Pharmacotherapeutics

Answer 3

The use of drugs to diagnose, prevent, or treat disease.

Question 4

Drug

Answer 4

Any chemical that can affect living processes.

Question 5

PRN

Answer 5

PRN stands for pro re nata, a Latin phrase meaning, “as needed”.

Question 6

AC

Answer 6

Ac stands antecibum, a Latin phrase meaning, “before meals”.

Question 7

BID

Answer 7

BID stands for bis in die, a Latin phrase meaning, “twice a day”.

Question 8

Patient Adherence

Answer 8

Patient adherence also known as compliance. It is defined as the extent to which a patient’s behavior conincides with medical advise.

Question 9

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 9

Derived from the Greek words, “pharmakon” (drug or poison) and “kinesis” (motion). The study of the movement of the drug throughout the body.

Question 10

Bioavailability

Answer 10

Refers to the percentage of administered drug available for activity.

Question 11

Prodrugs

Answer 11

Compound that is metabolized into an active pharmacologic substance.

Question 12

Half Life

Answer 12

The time it takes for the amount of drug in the body to be reduced by half.

Question 13

Therapeutic Index

Answer 13

Describes the relationship between the therapeutic dose of the drug and the toxic dose of a drug.

Question 14

Nonspecific Drugs

Answer 14

Drugs that affect multiple receptor sites.

Question 15

Nonselective Drugs

Answer 15

Drugs that affect multiple receptor.

Question 16

First Pass Effect

Answer 16

Enteral route of administration pass from the intestinal lumen to the liver via the portal vein.

Question 17

Dose-Response Relationship

Answer 17

The body’s physiologic response changes in drug concentration at the site of action.

Question 18

Enteral Route

Answer 18

Drugs that are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 19

Parenteral Route

Answer 19

Drugs that are administered through other routes aside from the gastrointestinal tract, such as through injection.

Question 20

Metabolism

Answer 20

Changes medication into less active or inactive form by the action of enzymes.