termen Flashcards
IT
All the hardware and software that a firm needs to use in order to achieve its business objectives. Computer machines storage devices, software (windows), other computer programs
Bluetooth
useful for creating small personal area networks (PANs). It links up to 8 devices within a 10 meter area using low power, radio-based communication.
Access point
locations with one or more access points providing wireless internet access and are often in public spaces.
Data
Streams of raw facts representing events occurring in organizations before they have been organized and arranged into a form that people can understand and use
Information
Data that has been shaped into a form that is meaningful and used to humans
Information system
a set of interrelated components working together to collect, process, store and distribute info to support decision making and control in an organization.
- Input
- Processing
- Output
= collect raw data from within the organization
= converting the raw facts into meaningful form
= transfer the processes information to the people who will use it.
Computer literacy
focuses primary on knowledge of information technology.
Complementary assets
assets required to derive value from a primary investment (for a tank station this is roads).
What is the impact of information systems organizations?
Information systems have become online and interactive tools deeply involved in the daily operations and decisions making of large organizations.
The economic impacts of information systems organizations
are:
- IT changes relative costs of capital investment and labor
- IT affects the cost and quality of information and changes economics of information
- IT helps firms expand in size, because it can reduce costs (the costs of participating in markets)
- Outsourcing
Challenges information systems:
- It requires extensive organizational change, transition from one technical level to another = strategic transitions, which is difficult to achieve.
- Not all strategic systems are profitable
- They are expensive to build
- Easily copied by other firms, strategic advantage is not always sustainable.
- Difficult to align with the business objectives.
- People do not support, and do not try to understand it.
Runways
projects that far exceed the original schedule and budget and fail to perform (between 30-40%)
The user interface
the part of the system which end users interact. (for example key board or mouse).
Objectives project management + why essential in developing information systems
- There is high failure rate among information systems.
- It takes more time and money then anticipated
- Good project management is essential for ensuring that systems are delivered on time
Project management activities include:
- Planning the work
- Assessing the risk
- Acquiring resources
- Organizing the work
- Directing
- Executing
- Analyzing results
5 variables of information systems
- Scope (defines what work is or is not included in a project)
- Time (the amount of time required to complete the project)
- Cost (based on the time to complete a project multiplied by the cost of HR required to complete the project)
- Quality (indicator of how well the end result of a project satisfies the objectives specified by management)
- Risk (refers to potential problems that would threaten the success of a project).
Consequences of poor project management are:
- Cost overruns
- Time slippage
- Technical shortfalls impairing performance
- Failure to obtain anticipated benefits
Project
a planned series of related activities for achieving a specific business objective.
Project management
application of knowledge and skills to achieve specific targets within budget + time.
Scope
defines what work is or is not included in a project.
Why should you perform a strategy analysis?
- To better understand the strategy and value proposition
- To get a clear picture of the current situation
- To understand how each process contributes to the strategy
- To define the most value adding processes that support the strategy and be able to measure their performance.
Information systems department
the formal organizational unit responsible for information technology services (IT). This is responsible for maintaining the hardware, software, data storage and networks that compromise the firms IT’s infrastructure.
Programmers
technical specialists who write the software instructions for computers.
