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Introduction to Sociology > Term Test 1 > Flashcards

Term Test 1 Flashcards

reviews classical social theorists etc

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is Sociology

A

study of groups and their interactions

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2
Q

Macro vs. micro approach

A

Macro: The study of society as a whole, Larger analyses
theorists: Marx, Weber, Durkheim

Micro: The study of individual or small group dynamics
theorists: mead, Cooley, Blumer

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3
Q

what is the Sociological perspectives?

A

The connection between individuals and the larger social

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4
Q

Theory: Quality of mind

A

by Charles Wright Mills

Ability to look beyond personal circumstances and into social context

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5
Q

Seeing the general in the particular theory

A

by Peter Berger

To look at seemingly unique events (particular) and then recognizing the larger (general) features involved

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6
Q

Laws of 3 stage

A

Comte

Theological : Came from early ancestors. Supernaturalism= gods will, Mystery’s explained by god

Metaphysical: Ppl challenged and questioned many things such as the church

Positive: Understanding the social world using science
Objective reality, research will be value free and needs to be objective

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7
Q

5 social factors that define people

A

Minority status, gender, socioeconomic status, family structure, urban - rural differences

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8
Q

Industrial revolution

A

Changes in production made

Technology changed social life

Changed every aspect of social life; jobs, peoples hopes, future ideas

Brought urbanization and capitalism

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9
Q

The enlightenment

A

A period of science and challenging the churches beliefs

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10
Q

Anti and positivism

A

Positivism
This considers all understandings to be based on science.

believes: science is nor good or bad/ science will merge/ using observation, logic, experimentation

Anti positive
theidea that social science needs to be studied differently then science.

Opposite of positivism

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11
Q

QuaNtitative vs. QuaLitative

A

QuaNtitative
Is positivism
Measurable behaviour
Numbers i.e. crime rate, poverty rate…

QuaLitative
Anti-positivism
Non measurable items
i.e. the experience of living in poverty…

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12
Q

what is Functionalism

A

Social structures exist to help people fulfill their wants.

Society is similar to organisms, when it fails to work together the “system” will fail.

Society must meet the needs of the majority.

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13
Q

theory: Social facts

A

A controlsystem that is accepted by majority.

Durkheim

i.e. the legal system

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14
Q

Theory: Anomie

A

Emile Durkheim

A state of normlessness, which comes from the lack of clear goals

Creates feeling of confusion

May result in higher suicide rates
Individual is not connected to the community

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15
Q

Theory: Social solidarity

A

Emile Durkheim

1.)Mechanic solidarity
describes early society’s based on similarity’s and independence likeness

2.)Organic solidarity
Describes society’s organized around interdependence and increase division of labor.

Each person is doing a part to help the larger group
Cohesion

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16
Q

3 rules of sociological method

A

1.Sociology is a distinct field of study
2. The methods of natural science can/ should be used in social science
3. Social field is also distinct from psychology

17
Q

Durkheim’s theory on suicide

A

men kill themselves for 2 reasons
1. Lack of integration and 2. Lack of regulation

FOUND: suicide as a social act

He found that Protestant, wealthy, males and unmarried killed themselves more the catholic, jews, poor, females, and the married

18
Q

4 different types of suicide

A

1.)Egoistic suicide
the persons connects are weak

2.)Altruistic
Extremely attached to the group.

3). Fatalistic
Opposite of Anomic
Overburdened by society
No sense of freedom

4). Anomic suicide
Individual is not integrated

19
Q

Conflict theory

A

society is based on inequality and competition

Power is core in all social relationships

20
Q

theory: Social class

A

Karl Marx

2 main classes
1. Bourgeoisie
Owners of production

  1. Proletariat
    Working class who only have their labor to sell
21
Q

Alienation & Exploitation in Karl Marx

A
  1. Alienation
    the process by which workers are disconnected from what they produce
  2. Exploitation
    The difference between what workers are paid and the wealth they create for the owners
22
Q

theory: False Class Consciousness

A

Karl Marx

belief in and support of the system that oppresses you

23
Q

theory: Class consciousness

A

Karl Marx

recognizing domination and oppression

Central movement for workers to have this realization

24
Q

Base/ structure concept

A

The material and social society

base; materials of a society
i.e. forces and relations to production

superstructure: things society values once their material needs are met
i.e. laws, religion connects to our material existence

25
Q

Symbolic Interactionism

A

..Ppl act toward things based on the meaning they have for them

these meanings are from social interactions

26
Q

theory: Verstehen

A

Meaning people accosiate to their social world

Weber

27
Q

Theory; Rationalization

A

Max Weber

The rules we have in conversations

28
Q

Theory: Hegemony and domination

A

Gramsci

Domination: physical and violent coercion by police and military

Hegemony: control and manipulation

29
Q

Theory: Concept of hegemony

A

Gramsci
helps ppl maintain their power

organic

30
Q

theory: looking glass self

A

Cooley

We develop ourselves with the cues of others

31
Q

theory: Sympathetic introspection

A

by Cooley

putting yourself into someone else’s shoes and seeing the world from their perspective

32
Q

theory Dramaturgical analysis

A

Seeing the self come from the performances we play

Life is an act, How we play ourselves, Different roles in life

33
Q

Who is bell hooks

A

Black feminism

Saw the need to draw attention to different disciplinary’s of feminism

34
Q

Foucault’s Post-Structuralism

A

How knowledge is produced socially

through power, knowledge, and discourse

35
Q

Orientalism

A

Creates opposition of orient (East) and the Occident (West)

said

36
Q

3 distinct forms of Orientalism

A
  1. Academic
    researchers
  2. Imaginative
    Art representation
  3. Institutional
    European instatutions
37
Q

Critical race theory

A

A racial bias from western society

Introduction to Sociology (4 decks)

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