Teratogens and Effects

Question 1

Renal damage

Answer 1

ACE inhibitors

Question 2

Absence of digits, multiple anomalies

Answer 2

Alkylating agents

Question 3

CN VIII toxicity

Answer 3

Aminoglycosides

Question 4

Neural tube defects, craniofacial defects, fingernail hypoplasia, developmental delay, intrauterine growth retardation

Answer 4

Carbamazepine

Question 5

Vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma, congenital Mullerian anomalies

Answer 5

Diethylstilbestrol (DES)

Question 6

Neural tube defects

Answer 6

Folate antagonists

Question 7

Ebstein anomaly (atrialized right ventricle)

Answer 7

Lithium

Question 8

Aplasia cutis congenita

Answer 8

Methimazole

Question 9

Microcephaly, dysmorphic craniofacial features, hypoplastic nails and distal phalanges, cardiac defects, IUGR, intellectual disability

Answer 9

Phenytoin; Fetal hydantoin syndrome

Question 10

Discolored teeth

Answer 10

Tetracyclines

Question 11

Limb defects (phocomelia, micromelia)

Answer 11

Thalidomide

Question 12

Inhibition of maternal folate absorption leading to neural tube defects

Answer 12

Valproate

Question 13

Bone deformities, fetal hemorrhage, abortion, ophthalmologic abnormalities

Answer 13

Warfarin

Question 14

Common cause of birth defects and intellectual disability

Answer 14

Alcohol

Question 15

Abnormal fetal growth and fetal addiction; placental abruption

Answer 15

Cocaine

Question 16

Leading cause of low birth weight in developed countries; associated with preterm labor, placental problems, IUGR, ADHD

Answer 16

Smoking (nicotine, CO)

Question 17

Congenital goiter or hypothyroidism (cretinism)

Answer 17

Iodine (lack or excess)

Question 18

Caudal regression syndrome (anal atresia to sirenomelia), congenital heart defects, neural tube defects

Answer 18

Maternal diabetes

Question 19

Extremely high risk for spontaneous abortions and birth defects (cleft palate, cardiac abnormalities)

Answer 19

Vitamin A excess

Question 20

Microcephaly, intellectual disability

Answer 20

X-rays