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STEP1: embryology > Teratogens > Flashcards

Teratogens Flashcards

1
Q

ACEi

A

renal damage

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2
Q

Alkylating agent

A

absent digit,

multiple anomalies

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3
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

CN VIII toxicity

“A MEAN GUY hits the baby in the ear”

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4
Q

Carbamazapine

A 
Neutral tube defects, (vs. phenytoin)
Craniofacial defects
Fingernail hypoplasia
Developmental delay,
Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)
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5
Q

DES

A

Vaginal cells adenocarcinoma

Congenital mullerian anomalies

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6
Q

Folate antagonist

A

Neutral tube defect

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7
Q

Lithium

A

Ebstein’s anomaly (atrialized right ventricle)

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8
Q

Phenytoin

A

Fetal hydantoin syndrome:
microcephaly, disdysmorphic craniofacial features,
hypoplastic nails, distal phalanges, CV defect, IUGR, mental retardation.

“small head, weird face, small finger, heart, retard”

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9
Q

Tetracycline

A

Discolored teeth

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10
Q

Thalidomide

A

limb defect

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11
Q

Valproate

A

Inhibition of maternal folate absorption:

neural tube defect

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12
Q

Warfarin

A

Bone deformities, fetal hemorrhage,

abortion, ophthalmologic abnormalities

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13
Q

Alcohol

A

Fetal alcohol syndrome:
congenital malformation, mental retardation,
pre and post natal developmental retardation,
microcephaly, holoprosencephaly
facial abn, limb dislocation,
heart and lung fistulas.

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14
Q

Cocaine

A

Fetal addition

Placental abruption

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15
Q

Smoking (nicotine, CO)

A

Preterm labor,
placental problems,
IUGR,
ADHD

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16
Q

Iodide (lack or excess)

A

Congenital goiter or hypothyroidism (cretininsm)

Big tongue and big tummy

17
Q

Maternal diabetes

A

Caudal regression syndrome: anal atresia to sirenomelia
Congenital heart defect: ToGV
Neural tube defect

18
Q

Vitamin A (excess)

A 
Extremely high risk of spontaneous abortions
Birth defects (cleft palate, cardiac abnormalities)
19
Q

X ray

A

Microcephaly,

Mental retardation

STEP1: embryology (19 decks)

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