Tenses Flashcards
how to form the perfect tense
auxillery verb + past participle he has ha hemos habéis han
+ -ido/-ado
i have just been to the cinema
acabo de ir al cine
acabo de ir al cine
i have just been to the cinema
they have worked
habéis trabajado
habéis trabajado
they have worked
al + inf
when/whilst
when/whilst
al + inf
whilst reading a book, i listened to music
al leer un libro, escuché música
al leer un libro, escuché música
whilst reading a book, i listened to music
tan (+adj ) como
as……….as…
as……….as…
tan (+adj ) como
it isnt as important as 50 years ago to get married young
no es tan importante com hace cincuenta años casarse joven
no es tan importante com hace cincuenta años casarse joven
it isnt as important as 50 years ago to get married young
when should you use the imperfect tense
Incomplete actions in the past
Actions that happened over a long period of time
when should you use the present tense
Habitual actions
Something happened now
when should you use the preterite tense
Completed actions in the past
Cambiar, I form
“Siempre —— “
Cambio
Cambio
Present tense, cambiar. I form
Expliqué
I form. Explicar. Pretérito
Quería
Imperfect. Querer. He/she/it. OR I form
What tense should you use for feelings/ emotions in the past?
Imperfect. They didn’t stop feeling it.
Dijeron
They form. Pretérito. Decir
They form. Pretérito. Decir
Dijeron
He presented a movie last night
Anoche presentò una película
Pretérito. Presentar. He form
Presentó
A bus full of tourists WAS TRAVELLING
Viajaba
it form. Imperfect tense. Viajar
En general vosotros , —————- ir al cine o ver……
Preferís
Preferir. You pl form. Present tense IRREGULAR
En 2012, los olímpicos————en Londres
Were celebrated
Se celebraron
They form. Reflexive. Pretérito. It only happened once and is finished.
how to form the passive voice
ser + past participle + por + the agent
el autocar fue aparcado por el hombre
(the car was parked by the man)
how to form the passive voice USING SE (impersonal. no subject)
se + third person (singular/plural) verb + (singular/plural) noun
VERB MUST AGREE WITH OBJECT
Se servirán bebidas en el jardín. (Drinks will be served in the garden) Se vende queso aqui. (Cheese sold here.) se construyeron las casas (the houses were built)
when to use SER
- identity/existence
- used with pronoun/nouns, adj of nationality
- with past past participle to form passive sentence
- with adjective to describe an unchanging characteristic
- use with BUENO/MALO
when to use ESTAR
- location/presence
- used to describe a position, with past participle to describe something’s state
- with present participle (present continuous)
- with adj to describe something’s state that could change
- use with BIEN/MAL
how to form imperative commands
……………usted……ustedes
hablar: …hable……hablen
comer: …coma……coman
vivir: ……..viva………vivan
how to form NEGATIVE imperative commands
- put a negative word such as no in front of the command
- No saquen sus libros.
Do not take out your books. - No ponga su bolsa aquí.
Do not put your purse here. - No vengan mañana.
Do not come tomorrow.
Pronoun Placement in Affirmative Formal Commands
attached to the end of commands.
if the command form of the verb has more than one syllable, a written accent is added when attaching a pronoun
- Tráigamelo.
Bring it to me. - Míralo.
Look at it.
An accident OCCURRED
Ocurrió
It form. Pretérito. Ocurrir
Pronoun Placement in Affirmative Formal Commands
attached to the end of commands.
if the command form of the verb has more than one syllable, a written accent is added when attaching a pronoun
- Tráigamelo.
Bring it to me. - Míralo.
Look at it.
Pronoun Placement in Negative Formal Commands
between the negative word (ie no) and the command form in negative formal commands.
- No se levante antes de leer el artículo.
Don’t get up before you read the article. - Nunca les compre dulces a los niños.
Never buy candy for the children. - Nunca se los compre.
Never buy it for them.
examples of Plural Formal (Ustedes) Commands
Damas y caballeros, pasen por aquí.
Ladies and gentlemen, come this way.
Vengan más temprano mañana.
Come earlier tomorrow.
Estudiantes, abran sus libros.
Students, open your books.
examples of singular Formal (Usted) Commands
Pague la cuenta, por favor.
Pay the bill, please.
Sea amable.
Be nice.
Abra la ventana.
Open the window
