Tendons and Ligaments Flashcards
Why do tendons still need some load when healing from injury?
(Tendon cells can both be overloaded or underloaded, overloading obviously leading to injury of the cells and apoptosis but also not having any tension on the cells can trigger them to apoptose and release collagenases)
What is a simple way to reduce excessive compression of a healing tendon?
(If it is caused by a retinaculum, cut the retinaculum)
(T/F) Extensor tendon injuries are associated with a good to excellent prognosis regardless of the type of injury and can heal with rest, without intervention.
(T)
What is the classic appearance associated with peroneus tertius rupture in horses?
(Flexed stifle and straight hock, should not be possible with an intact peroneus tertius)
Is tendinitis of the SDFT or the DDFT more common?
(SDFT)
Why do SDFT tendonitis lesions tend to be core lesions?
(Hyperthermia of the core tenocytes (though they are more heat resistant, enough heat can still injure them) and less crimp to the internal aspect of the tendon (increased tension on the collagen fibrils central to the tendon))
Are older or younger horses more likely to experience SDFT tendonitis?
(Older, tendons remodel as small injuries occur but as the horse gets older, tendons have a more difficult time maintaining themselves)
What do you expect to feel on palpation of a tendon experiencing tendonitis?
(Changes in diameter (fresh injuries will feel gelatinous and chronic injuries will feel firm) and resistance to squeezing of the tendons)
The first two weeks of healing a tendon injury should be focused on what concepts?
(Decreasing inflammation and compression)
When can controlled exercise begin in the care of tendon injuries?
(2 weeks, hand walking only, this is also when you can decide between medical and surgical tx)
Why should horses be stall rested for 2 days post extracorporeal shockwave therapy?
(Because shockwave causes analgesia, horse will feel better and can reinjure themselves)
What are some of the effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy?
(Bone microfractures and hematoma that leads to osteoblastic activity and healing (currently not studied if it does this to tendons as well but it is thought to), analgesia through myelin sheath disruption, and induces neovascularization (speeds healing))
If a horse with a tendon injury has healed and is sound, they can gradually increase to full work starting at what time period after the initial injury?
(6 months, tendon takes 18 months to remodel so even after that 6 months, should still keep a close eye on them)
You should not start trotting a horse with a tendon injury until what has resolved on ultrasound of the tendon?
(Any anechoic areas)
Why should PRP be reserved for small lesions at tendon/bone interfaces?
(Bc PRP can induce fibrosis in large lesions, its okay for small lesions to have some fibrosis)
