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Rad Patho > Temporary Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Temporary Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

inappropriate rotation, anomalous pos’n of fixation of Sand L bowel

A

malrotation

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2
Q

[malrotation] incidence

A

m=f

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3
Q

[malrotation] normally associated w/ situs invertus (3)

A

-situs invertus totalis
-situs invertus thoracalis
-situs invertus abdominalis

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4
Q

[malrotation] pathogenesis

A

due to malformation during organogenesis; aberations in normal process of intestinal rotation in utero

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5
Q

[malrotation] pathogenesis

A

due to malformation during organogenesis; aberrations in normal process of intestinal rotation in utero

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6
Q

[malrotation] s/s

A

bilous vomiting, bloody stool, constipation

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7
Q

[malrotation] dx

A

UGIS
BaE
Sonography

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8
Q

[malrotation] dx golden standard

A

UGIS

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9
Q

[malrotation] rad’phy appearance - UGIS

A

deviations from the normal route of contrast in the duodenum (may show gastric torsion)

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10
Q

[malrotation] rad’phy appearance - BaE

A

evaluate location of cecum

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11
Q

[malrotation] rad’phy appearance - Sonography

A

if UGIS and BaE is contraindicated - complementary - 3rd part of duodenum is between aorta and SMA

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12
Q

[malrotation] Cx

A

-volvulus
-incarceration of bowel

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13
Q

[malrotation] Rx

A

resection anastomosis for complications

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14
Q

Hirschsprung Disease other name

A

Congenital Aganglionic Megacolon

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15
Q

certain nerve cell are missing from the muscle layer of a part of the LI

A

Hirschsprung Disease

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16
Q

[Hirschsprung Disease] incidence

A

1:5000
male predominance

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17
Q

[Hirschsprung Disease] pathophysiology

A

unknown pathology; linked to manifestation of parasympathetic nervous system

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18
Q

[Hirschsprung Disease] s/s

A

distended sigmoid
severe constipation
narrow rectum
recurrent fecal impaction

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19
Q

[Hirschsprung Disease] dx

A

BaE, UTS, CT, MRI

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20
Q

[Hirschsprung Disease] Cx

A

distended abdomen, constipation
-fecal impaction - toxic megacolon (BaE contraindication)

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21
Q

[Hirschsprung Disease] Tx

A

Resection + Colostomy

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22
Q

congenital diverticulum of distal ileum (w/in 5ft of ileocecal valve)

abnormal pouch or pocket of distal ileum

A

Meckel Diverticulum

23
Q

[Meckel Diverticulum] pathophysiology

A

-remnant of a duct connecting the SB to umbilicus
-failure to remove the vitelline duct

24
Q

[Meckel Diverticulum] Rule of 2’s

A

-2% gen pop
-located on antimesenteric border of the ileum 2 ft from the ileocecal valve
-2in length diverticulum

25
Q

[Meckel Diverticulum] s/s

A

rectal bleeding, cramping, vomiting, BO

26
Q

[Meckel Diverticulum] dx

A

SPECT Tc-99m w/ pertechnetate - Meckel Scans
BaE

27
Q

[Meckel Diverticulum] Cx

A

bleeding due to ulceration, abdominal cramping, vomiting, BO

28
Q

[Meckel Diverticulum] Tx

A

surgery, resection

29
Q

abnormal digestion and absorption of gluten in SB

A

gluten-sensitive enteropathy

30
Q

[gluten-sensitive enteropathy] other name

A

non tropical sprue
celiac sprue/disease

31
Q

[gluten-sensitive enteropathy] pathophysiology

A

gliadin fraction of gluten acts as antigen - combines w/ antibodies

32
Q

[gluten-sensitive enteropathy] s/s

A

diarrhea, flatulence, wt. loss, abdominal distention, nutritional deficiencies

33
Q

[gluten-sensitive enteropathy] dx

A

SIS -stack of coins
biopsy of SB

34
Q

[gluten-sensitive enteropathy] rec Tx

A

avoid food containing gluten, vitamin therapy

35
Q

inability to digest certain carbohydrates (including lactose bc of acquired deficiency)

A

carbohydrate intolerance

36
Q

[carbohydrate intolerance] incidence

A

60% non white population

37
Q

[carbohydrate intolerance]
pathophysiology

A

lack of lactase - unabsorbed lactose acts as osmotic agent - fluid weeps from the bowel wall into the lumen

38
Q

[carbohydrate intolerance] s/s

A

cramping
diarrhea

39
Q

[carbohydrate intolerance] Cx

A

nutritional deficiencies

40
Q

[carbohydrate intolerance] dx

A

SIS Barium + lactose

41
Q

[carbohydrate intolerance] rad’phy appearance

A

Barium +Lactase - increased transit time, dilution in distal ileum and colon

42
Q

[carbohydrate intolerance] Tx

A

abstain from consumption of dairy products

43
Q

narrowing of esphagus

A

esophageal stricture

44
Q

[esophageal stricture] pathophysiology

A

inflammation of the mucosa

45
Q

[esophageal stricture] s/s

A

edema, swelling, scarring or perforation

46
Q

[esophageal stricture] dx

A

esophagography
endoscopy

47
Q

[esophageal stricture] Tx

A

surgery
corticosteroids
repeated dilation using tubes

48
Q

due to backward flow of gastric acid and contents into the esophagus due to incompetent cardiac sphincter

49
Q

[GERD] pathophysiology

A

no definitive pathologic cause, not necessarily always abnormal

50
Q

[GERD] s/s

A

dysphagia, backwash, chest pain, heart burn, upper abdo pain

51
Q

[GERD] dx

A

-UGIS - not useful
-Reflux Scintigraphy -Tc99m –DTPA mix with H20
-Sonography-too sensi, less specific (functional /morphologic)
-Ph Probe test - lvl of acid 24-96 hrs

52
Q

[GERD] Cx

A

esophagitis
ulceration of esophagus

53
Q

[GERD] Tx

A

-truncal elevation
-avoid coffee, alcohol, chocolate, smoking
antacids
-H2 blocker
-Surgery -last option

54
Q

erosion of mucous membrane of the lower end/segment of the esophagus, stomach and/or duodenum

A

peptic ulcer

Rad Patho (8 decks)

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