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Science 9 > Temporary Electricity Unit > Flashcards

Temporary Electricity Unit Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three laws of charges?

A
  1. Unlike charges attract
  2. Like charges repel
  3. Charged objects attract uncharged (neutral) objects
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1
Q

What is meant by the term “charged”?

A

Unbalanced positive and negative charges.

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2
Q

What is meant by the term “discharging”?

A

Rapid redistribution of charge between two objects.

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3
Q

What are three examples of conductors and insulators?

A

Conductors:
1. Copper wiring
2. Tap water
3. Metals
Insulators:
1. Non-metals
2. Rubber
3. Plastic

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3
Q

Which type/section of elements are good conductors and which elements are poor conductors of electricity?

A

Non-metals are poor conductors of electricity and Metals are good conductors of electricity.

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4
Q

Why is a superconductor better than a conductor?

A

Superconductors are better conductors than conductors because the conductors have more resistance.

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5
Q

In what direction do the electrons flow in a closed circuit vs a open circuit?

A

The electrons will flow away from the negative side of the source in a closed circuit. In a open circuit, the electrons do not flow at all.

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6
Q

What are the four main components of a circuit and give an example of each?

A
  1. Source; battery
  2. Conductor; wires
  3. Load; light bulb
  4. Control; switch
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7
Q

If a series circuit has two bulbs connecting to a switch, a voltmeter and three 1.5 v what is the direction of the electrons and what is the voltage?

A

The direction of the electrons flow will be away from the negative side of the source. The voltage is 4.5 volts.

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8
Q

A parallel circuit has three bulbs, a switch, an ammeter, a resistor and three 1.5 v cells what is the direction of electron flow and what is the voltage?

A

The direction of the electrons flow will be away from the negative side of the source. The voltage is 4.5 volts.

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9
Q

“One Path for electrons to flow”
Is this a parallel or series circuit?

A

Series circuit

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10
Q

“Multiple paths for electrons to flow”
Is this a parallel or series circuit?

A

Parallel circuit

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11
Q

“When one bulb goes out, all do”
Is this a parallel or series circuit?

A

Series circuit

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12
Q

“When one bulb goes out, the others stay lit”
Is this a parallel or series circuit?

A

Parallel circuit

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13
Q

“More bulbs = dimmer light”
Is this a parallel or series circuit?

A

Series circuit

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14
Q

“More bulbs = same light”
Is this a parallel or series circuit?

A

Parallel circuit

14
Q

“More batteries = same voltage”
Is this a parallel or series circuit?

A

Parallel circuit

14
Q

“More batteries = higher voltage”
Is this a parallel or series circuit?

A

Series circuit

15
Q

What is voltage and what is it measured in?

A

Voltage the difference in energy between two points in a circuit. It is measured in Volts.

16
Q

What is Current and what is it measured in?

A

The amount of charge passing a point every second. It is measured in Amperes.

17
Q

What is Resistence and what is it measured in?

A

Resistance opposes the motion of electrons. It is measured in Ohms.

17
Q

What is the purpose of a variable resistor?

A

The resistance can be changed in a variable resistor.

18
Q

What is the resistence of an electric toothbrush, if a current of 16.0 A runs through it when it is connected to a 120 V wall outlet?

A

I=V/A=120V/16=7.5Ω.

19
Q

A blender with a resistance of 90 ohms is connected to a 120 V source. What current will flow through the toaster?

A

I = V / R = 120 V / 90 Ω = 1.33 A.

20
Q

A hair straightener with a resistance of 250 ohms has a current of 65 A. What is the voltage?

A

V = I R = 65 A x 250Ω = 16 250 V

21
Q

List the three parts of a voltaic cell.

A
  1. 2 electrodes (different metals)
  2. Electrolyte (conducts)
  3. Complete circuit
22
Q

Explain how magnets can be used to generate an electric current. In which device is the science applied?

A

A coil of wire moved within a magnetic field causes a current. Used in a generator.

23
Q

What are the parts of an electromagnet and how could you make an electromagnet stronger?

A

Coil of wire, iron core and a current source
more wire, stronger battery, better quality core.

24
Q

Give the energy conversion that is happening in each of the following.

A

Battery:
chemical to electrical
solar panel (photovoltaic cell):
light to electricity
light bulb:
electricity to light
generator:
motion to electricity
wind turbine:
motion to electricity
coal power plant:
chemical to electricity

25
Q

Explain how a fuse is used as an electric safety device.

A

A fuse will break the circuit if the current gets too high (piece of metal inside the fuse melts)

26
Q

List three “what NOT to do’s” with electricity.

A

-use electricity in water
-don’t work on electric appliances while they are plugged in
-don’t use appliances with frayed cords

27
Q

How much power does a light bulb consume if there is a current of 100 amps and a voltage of 60 volts running through it?

A

P = IV = 100 A x 60 V = 6000 W

28
Q

How much energy is used by a stereo if it is turned on for 2 hours and consumes 50 W of power?

A

E = Pt = 50W x 7200 s = 360 000 J

29
Q

A 650 W waffle iron takes 5 minutes to cook a waffle. If it takes 200, 000 J of energy to cook the waffle, what is the efficiency of the waffle iron?

A

E = Pt = 650 W X 300 s = 195 000 J
%efficiency = 195 000 J / 200 000 J x 100 = 98%

30
Q

Where do fossil fuels come from?

A

Ancient plant and animal remains.

31
Q

Provide three examples of fossil fuels.

A

-Natural gas
-Oil
-Coal

32
Q

Identify the following resources as renewable or non-renewable resources. Give advantages and disadvantages of each type.

A

Oil: Non-renewable; produces lots of energy, lots in Alberta; air pollution, oil spills, acid rain.
Wind Power: Renewable; no pollution; kills birds, uses up land, needs reliable wind.
Natural Gas: Non-renewable; produces lots of energy, fairly clean; still produces carbon dioxide, dangerous.
Coal: Non-renewable; Alberta has lots of it, provides lots of energy; pollution, acid rain.
Solar Power; Renewable; no pollution; uses up land, needs reliable sunlight, fragile, not that efficient.
Hydro Power; Renewable; no pollution; floods habitats, chance of dam breaking, need a ready water source.
Biomass: Renewable; always available; may produce some pollution.
Nuclear: Non-renewable; very clean energy; radioactive waste, meltdowns.

Science 9 (6 decks)

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