Biological Diversity Flashcards
Explain 2 ways in which biological diversity can help us
- Food
- Nutrition
How might having a high level of biodiversity in a forest prevent the damage of an attack of pine bark beetles?
Difference in the trees ability to protect itself.
When members of a species have to compete for food, what can give one animal the advantage over another?
Size and strength.
Why do ecosystems in the far north have low biodiversity but high numbers of the species that live there?
It is a broad niche
Explain the symbiotic relationship of mycorrhizae and many plant roots.
Mutualism - plant roots can absorb water and minerals better with mycorrhizae
-mycorrhizal gets better nutrients from the plant’s roots
What are 2 advantages and one disadvantage of asexual reproduction?
Advantage:
1. Fast
2. Less energy
Disadvantage:
1. Less variation
Give 2 advantages and one disadvantage of sexual reproduction.
Advantage:
1. More variation
2. Species can adapt to change easily
Disadvantage:
1. Slow
Why do we study discrete variation rather than continuous variation when we study genetics?
To look at class differences and see the effect of genes.
How are scientists trying to separate the effects of heredity from the effects of the environment on
human characteristics?
By studying identical twins.
When mutations happen to the DNA of reproductive cells what effect can this have on the species?
Mutation will be passed on to offspring.
What is the role of DNA in the cell?
Contains all of our genetic information. It is our genetic “blueprint.”
What are the main differences between meiosis and mitosis?
Meiosis - produces four haploid cells. Produces gametes. Cells are unique
Mitosis - Produces two diploid cells. Produces somatic cells. Cells are identical
What are some of the ways genetic engineering or bio-technologies have been used?
-Transgenic organisms can produce proteins for humans in their milk
-Crops can be made to be more pest resistant, more nutritious, and can last longer
What ways has aquaculture been helped by genetic engineering?
-Fish are more disease resistant
-Fish can grow larger
What are some of the ways domestic animals have been changed by artificial selection?
-Dogs have been bred for specific purposes or looks/qualities (hunters, companions, protectors, anti-shedding)
