Topics 1.3-1.5 (Biological Diversity)

Question 1

What is sexual reproduction (Include an example)

Answer 1

Two parents provide genetic information to offspring. An example of this are dogs.

Question 2

What is asexual reproduction (include an example)

Answer 2

One parent provides genetic information. An example of this is a hydra.

Question 3

What is fertilization?

Answer 3

The joining of an egg and a sperm.

Question 4

What is a zygote?

Answer 4

The first cell that is produced when sperm/egg combine.

Question 5

What are gametes?

Answer 5

Gametes are male and female reproductive cells
-Male gamete is the sperm or pollen
-Female gamete is the egg or ovum

Question 6

What are continuous traits (include an example)

Answer 6

Traits that have a wide range of possibilities. An example of this is height.

Question 7

What are discrete traits (include an example)

Answer 7

Traits that contain a limited number of possibilities. An example of this is hitch hiker’s thumb

Question 8

What are dominant traits (include an example)

Answer 8

Traits that show up in the offspring. An example of this are brown eyes.

Question 9

What are recessive traits (include an example)

Answer 9

Traits that will only show if it is not paired with a dominant trait. An example of this are blue eyes.

Question 10

What is a mutation?

Answer 10

A mutation is a change to our DNA.

Question 11

What is a mutagen?

Answer 11

A mutagen is anything that causes a change to our DNA.

Question 12

What is DNA and what does it stand for?

Answer 12

DNA means Deoxyribonucleic Acid. DNA is called a double helix.

Question 13

What are chromosomes?

Answer 13

Chromosomes are made up of DNA.

Question 14

What are genes?

Answer 14

Genes are sections of DNA.

Question 15

What is mitosis?

Answer 15

Mitosis is the division of body cells or somatic cells.

Question 16

What is meiosis?

Answer 16

Meiosis is the production of gametes (egg and sperm).

Question 17

What is a somatic cell?

Answer 17

Somatic cells are the cells in your body other than sperm and egg cells.

Question 18

What is a diploid?

Answer 18

A diploid is a full set of chromosomes.

Question 19

What is a haploid?

Answer 19

A haploid has half the number of chromosomes.

Question 20

What are transgenic organisms (include an example)

Answer 20

Transgenic organisms are produced by adding human genes to the fertilized eggs of the organism. An example of this is how bacteria produces insulin.

Question 21

What are the four types of sexual reproduction?

Answer 21

-Bacterial Conjugation
-Zygospores
-Animal Sexual Reproduction
-Flowers

Question 22

What are the four types of asexual reproduction?

Answer 22

-Binary Fission
-Spores
-Cuttings (Vegetative propagation)
-Budding

Question 23

What is Binary Fission?

Answer 23

means to split into two. It is common in one celled organisms that have to duplicate until there is nothing left.

Question 24

What is spores?

Answer 24

Are most common in fungi and algae. Some fungi can also produce zoospores which are spores with a tail or flagellum.

Question 25

What are cuttings?

Answer 25

Means to chop off a leaf, stem, or branch of a plant to produce clones.

Question 26

What is budding?

Answer 26

Happens when a group of cells grows into a bud. Once the bud is fully developed, it detaches and becomes independent.

Question 27

What is Bacterial Conjugation?

Answer 27

Not true sexual reproduction but there still is two cells combining genetic information.

Question 28

What are zygospores?

Answer 28

Zygospores contain genetic information from two parents.

Question 29

What is Animal Sexual Reproduction?

Answer 29

Males produce sperm that fertilizes the egg produced by the female.

Question 30

Flowers

Answer 30

Leads to the production of fruit that contains seeds.