Temporal lobe

Question 1

Inferotemporal cortex

Answer 1

Plays a key role in visual processing

Question 2

Superior temporal sulcus (STS)

Answer 2

Divides the superior and middle temporal gyri and integrates information from multiple senses and connects with frontal, parietal, and limbic areas

Question 3

Medial temporal region

Answer 3

Includes the hippocampus, entorhinal and perirhinal cortices, subiculum, and fusiform gyrus. These areas are involved in memory formation, navigation, and complex visual recognition

Question 4

Hippocampus

Answer 4

An important limbic structure in the medial temporal lobe, essential for explicit memory.

Question 5

Entorhinal and perirhinal cortices

Answer 5

Play a crucial role in semantic memory and object recognition.

Question 6

Fusiform gyrus

Answer 6

Is part of the medial temporal region and is also involved in visual processing. Bilateral damage is typically localized in prosopagnosia (face blindness).

Question 7

Parahippocampal cortex

Answer 7

Supports memory and spatial processing

Question 8

Temporal–parietal junction (TPJ)

Answer 8

Consistently activated in tasks involving attention, memory, language, and social cognition, and is thought to play a central role in social decision-making

Question 9

Amygdala

Answer 9

Links sensory input with emotional meaning, helping us learn from experiences by associating feelings with objects or situations

Question 10

Wernicke’s area

Answer 10

Controls the ability to understand the meaning of words. Since 95% of people have a left dominant hemisphere, the Wernicke area is usually found on the left side.

Question 11

Primary auditory cortex (A1)

Answer 11

Located on the superior temporal gyrus in the temporal lobe and receives point-to-point input from the ventral division of the medial geniculate complex; thus, it contains a precise tonotopic map.