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HAE term 2 quiz 4 > temporal and infratemporal fossa > Flashcards

temporal and infratemporal fossa Flashcards

1
Q

temporal and infratemporal fossa

A

contiguous spaces on the lateral aspect of the head

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2
Q

temporal fossa

A

shallow depression superior to the zygomatic arch
contains temporalis muscle and its lood and nerve supply and the zygomaticotemporal branch of the maxillary nerve (V2)
over parts of parietal, frontal, temporal, sphenoid bones
contains pterion

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3
Q

features of mandible

A

has horizontally oriented body with alveolar sockets for teeth
vertically oriented ramus
angle in between
condyle on superior aspect of ramus - articulates with mandibular fossa
coronoid process anterior to condyle - insertion of temporalis muscle
separated by mandibular notch

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4
Q

angle

A

between body and ramus of mandible

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5
Q

condyle of mandible

A

on superior aspect of ramus and posterior

articulates to temporal bone via articular disc at mandibular fossa

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6
Q

coronoid process of mandible

A

anterior to condyle

site of insertion for temporalis muscle

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7
Q

mandibular foramen

A

inferior alveolar artery and nerve pass into mandible

on medial surface of mandible

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8
Q

artery and nerve to mylohyoid

A

branch off of inferior alveolar artery and nerve just before those enter the mandibular foramen

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9
Q

inferior alveolar artery and nerve

A

pass through mandibular foramen
innervate mandibular teeth
exit bone through mental foramen as mental artery and nerve

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10
Q

mental artery and nerve

A

continuation of inferior alveolar artery and nerve

exit mandible through mental foramen

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11
Q

lingula

A

medial to mandibular foramen

site of attachment of the sphenomandibular ligament

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12
Q

masseter muscle

A

inserts on lateral surface of ramus of mandible and angle

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13
Q

medial pterygoid muscle

A

inserts on medial surface of mandible inferior to the mandibular forame

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14
Q

zygomatic arch

A

formed by articulation of the temporal process of zygoma with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone

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15
Q

muscles of mastication (list)

A

temporalis
masseter
medial
lateral pterygoids

all innervated by motor branch of mandibular nerve (CN V3)

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16
Q

movements of mandible (list)

A

elevation or closing the jaw: temporalis, masseter and medial pterygoid
depression or opening of jaw: gravity mylohyoid, digastric, geniohyoid
protrusion or anterior movement of the jaw: lateral pterygoid assisted by medial pterygoid
retraction or posterior movement of the jaw: posterior, horizontal fibers of temporalis (assisted by digastric and geniohyoid)

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17
Q

pterygoids

A

move mandible in sliding and rotatory (grinding) manner from side-to-side - important in chewing
also help to elevate protrude jaw
innervated by CN V3 (motor branch of mandibular)

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18
Q

elevation or closing the jaw

A

produced by temporalis, masseter, and medial pterygoid muscles

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19
Q

depression or opening of the jaw

A

gravity, mylohyoid, digastric, geniohyoid

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20
Q

protrusion or anterior movement of the jaw

A

lateral pterygoid (assisted somewhat by medial pterygoid)

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21
Q

retraction or posterior movement of the jaw

A

posterior, horizontal fibers of temporalis (assisted by digastric and geniohyoid)

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22
Q

temporalis muscle

A

originates from floor of temporal fossa
passes medial to zygomatic arch
inserts on coronoid process of mandible
external surface covered by temporalis fascia (also originates from this)

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23
Q

temporalis fascia

A

covers external surface of temporalis muscle
arises from superior temporal line and inserts on and supports zygomatic arch
resists inferior pulll of masseter muscle

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24
Q

masseter muscle

A

originates on zygomatic arch

inserts on lateral aspect of ramus and angle of mandible

25
Q

parotid duct

A

pierces buccinator to drain into the oral cavity opposite the second maxillary molar tooth

26
Q

buccinator muscle

A

parotid duct pierces

innervated by CN VII

27
Q

sphenoid bone

A

keystone of skull
articulates with 12 other bones
superior orbital fissure lies between lesser and greater wings
bilaterally symmetrical
anterior surface of greater wing is in orbit
posterior surface is in middle cranial fossa

28
Q

sella turcia

A

in sphenoid bone

pituitary gland contained in it

29
Q

nerve of the pterygoid canal

A

travels through fibrocartilage in foramen lacerum in anteromedial direction

30
Q

temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

A

contains fibrous articular disk
where condyle of mandible articulates with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone
if condyle moves anterior, mandible will dislocate
synovial joint
when mouth opens, mandible rotates like a hinge and slides anteriorly onto the articular tubercle - produces wider opening between upper and lower teeth

31
Q

lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid

A

where medial and lateral pterygoids originate from

32
Q

medial pterygoid

A

inserts on medial side of ramus and angle of the mandible inferior to the mandibular foramen

33
Q

lateral pterygoid

A

inserts onto the capsule and articular disc of the TMJ and the neck of the mandible (pterygoid fovea)
if one lateral pterygoid is paralyzed, the contraction of the contralateral muscle will cause the jaw to protrude toward the side of the paralyzed muscle

34
Q

sphenomandibular ligament

A

runs from the spine of the sphenoid to the lingula on the mandibular ramus
helps maintain the mandibular condyle in position and becomes fully taut when the jaw is half open

35
Q

stylomandibular ligament

A

insignificant thickening of the deep cervical fascia

36
Q

infratemporal fossa

A 
extracranial area located inferior to the temporal fossa and zygomatic arch
deep to ramus of mandible
posterior to tuberosity of maxilla
lateral to petrygoid plate
anterior to styloid process
superior border = infratemporal crest of greater wing of sphenoid
open inferiorly
contains:
two pterygoid muscles
maxillary artery
mandibular nerve (V#)
chorda tympani nerve
pterygoid venous plexus
parasympathetic otic ganglion
37
Q

external carotid path

A

ascends posterior to the ramus of the mandible

distal portion runs through deep lobe of parotid gland and bifurcates into maxillary and superficial temporal arteries

38
Q

maxillary artery

A

one of two terminal branches of external carotid artery
originates within deep lobe of parotid gland
travels in anteromedial and slightly superior direction across the infratemporal fossa from lateral to medial
passes through pterygomaxillary fissure into pterygopalatine fossa

39
Q

braches of maxillary artery

A 
deep auricular
anterior tympanic
middle meningeal
accessory meningeal
inferior alveolar
40
Q

middle meningeal artery

A

passes between the two roots of the auriculotemporal nerve
ascends to and through foramen spinosum
enters cranial cavity
main supplier of dura mater

41
Q

inferior alveolar artery

A

travels inferiorly to enter mandibular foramen
branch of maxillary artery
supplies mandibular teeth and soft tissues
exist mandible through mental formen and becomes mental artery

42
Q

lesser branches of maxillary (first part)

A

deep auricular
anterior tympanic
accessory meningeal
blood to external acousitic meatus, middle ear, and dura mater

43
Q

branches of second portion of maxillary artery

A

branches to muscles of temporal and infratemporal fossae

named for muscles supplied

44
Q

branches of mandibular nerve

A

enters infratemporal foassa through foramen ovale and innervates deeper structures of the face and oral cavity
only branch of trigeminal nerve with somatic efferent motor components
4 to muscles of mastication and 4 other muscles
plus 5 sensory branches:
inferior alveolar
lingual
auriculotemporal
meningeal
buccal

45
Q

inferior alveolar nerve

A

branch of mandibular nerve
enters mandibular foramen after giving off motor nerve to mylohyoid and anterior belly of digastric
sensory to mandibular teeth
as terminal mental nerve, sensory to lower lip and chin

46
Q

mental nerve

A

terminal branch of inferior alveolar nerve, branch of mandibular nerve
sensory innervation to chin and lower lip

47
Q

lingual nerve

A

branch of mandibular nerve

general sensation to anterior 2/3 of tongue and floor of mouth

48
Q

auriculotemporal nerve

A

branch of mandibular nerve
travels besider parotid gland
ascends next to superficial temporal artery to temporal region
sensory to temporal skin, ear structures, TMJ and parotid gland
also carries secretomotor parasympathetic postganglionic fibers from the otic ganglion to the parotid

49
Q

meningeal nerve

A

travels with the middle meningeal artery through foramen spinosum
sensory innervation to dura mater of middle cranial fossa
branch of mandibular nerve

50
Q

buccal nerve

A

branch of mandibular nerve

sensory to skin, oral mucosa, and gingiva in cheek region

51
Q

motor branches of mandibular nerve

A 
to 4 muscles of mastication
plus:
anterior belly of digastric
mylohyoid
tensor veli palatini
tensor tympani
52
Q

chorda tympani

A

formed by preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from teh brainstem that travel with the facial nerve before branching from the facial nerve in the facial canal
runs anteriorly through middle ear between malleus and incus
enters infratemporal fossa by passing thorugh petrotympanic fissure
goes with lingual nerve and synapses on submandibular ganglion

53
Q

submandibular ganglion

A

where chorda tympani synapses
hangs off lingual nerve
postganglionic secretomotor fibers from it travel to submandibular and sublingual salivary glands and minor microscopic salivary glands in inferior oral cavity

54
Q

geniculate gangion

A

of CN VII
where taste fibers from anterior 2/3 of tongue have pseudo-unipolar nerve cell bodies
afferent special sense taste fibers travel here from tongue to lingual nerve to chorda tympani to CN VII to brainstem

55
Q

tympanic nerve

A

preganglionic parasympathetic fibers leave glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IV) inferior to jugular foramen
enter middle ear and ascen on promontory in tympanic plexus
exit as lesser petrosal
eventually supply parasympathetic nerve supply to parotid gland

56
Q

lesser petrosal nerve

A

pregangionic prarsympathetic fibers from CN IX and tympanic nerve
when tympanic nerve leaves tympanic plexus
reneter cranial cavity
travels down petrous ridge
exists through foramen ovale
synapses on otic ganglion
part of parasympathetic nerve supply to parotid gland

57
Q

otic ganglion

A

wehre preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from CN IX/tympanic nerve/lesser petrosal nerve synapse
send postganglionic parasympathetic secretomotor fibers along auriculotemporal nerve to parotid gland
on the medial side of mandibular nerve just inferior to foramen ovale and near origin of auriculotemporal nerve

58
Q

pterygoid venous plexus

A

receives some blood from opthalmic and facial veins
drains the infratemporal fossa into maxillary vein
maxillary vein joins superficial temporal vein to make retromandibular vein
also has direct valveless drainage into cavernous sinus so infections can spread there and lead to sinus thrombosis

HAE term 2 quiz 4 (6 decks)

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