temp- mock pp3

Question 1

evaluate psych expl of obesity

Answer 1

Restraint
(+) R.S Wardle + Beales
Disinhibition
(+)R.S Boyce + Kuijer
Boundary
(+)R.S- Ogden
(+)P.A - dieters
(-) Alternative theories: Biological Explanations

Question 2

(+)R.s Ogden boundary model

Answer 2

Found

restrained eaters who ate a high calorie snack before a taste test increased their food intake
whereas restrained eaters who ate a low calorie snack decreased their food intake
Non dieters decreased their food intake after the high calorie snack

Question 3

Restraint
(+) R.S Wardle + Beales

Answer 3

-27 obese women - 7 weeks

-3 groups - diet, exercise, control

-Food intake assessed 4th and 6th week

FOUND

Restrained eaters ate significantly more

Question 4

Disinhibition
(+)R.S Boyce + Kuijer

Answer 4

Found that exposure to images of ‘thinness’ caused significant increase in eating in restrained eaters compared to control

Supports externa cues

Question 5

Psychodynamic expls of offending beh

Answer 5

Bowlby

• Inadequate superego

Question 6

Findings of bowlby’s 44 thieves study

Answer 6

interviewed thieves and their families

14 p.p showed personality and behavioural characteristic’s that could = affectionless psychopathy

Out of this 14, 12 had experienced prolonged separation from their mother in first 2 years of life

In non criminal group, only 2 had experienced similar early separation

Question 7

The Over-Harsh superego expl of offending beh

Answer 7

-Healthy superego is based on identification with parent who has firm rules but forgives transgressions.
-In contrast, an overly harsh parenting style leads to a child with an over-harsh superego who is crippled by guilt and anxiety.
-This may drive the indiv to perform criminal acts in order to satisfy the Superego’s overwhelming need for punishment

Question 8

The Deviant superego expl of offending beh

Answer 8

if superego that a child internalises has immoral or deviant values, this would lead to offending behaviour

Question 9

The weak superego expl of offending beh

Answer 9

-If same gender parent is absent during phallic phase, child cannot internalise fully formed superego as there’s no opportunity for identification.

This would make immoral or offending behaviour more likely

Question 10

Role of emotion in psychodynamic approach to offending behaviour

Answer 10

Effect of superego is to allow for primitive, emotional demands to become uppermost in guiding moral behaviour

Question 11

Blackburn (1993) ARGUED

Answer 11

if superego is somehow deficient or inadequate, then offending behaviour is inevitable as the ID is given ‘free rein’ and not properly controlled

Question 12

what are PSYCHODYNAMIC explanations :

Offending beh

Answer 12

a perspective which describes the different forces (dynamics), most of which are unconscious, that operate in the mind and direct human behaviour

Question 13

all A03 for psychodynamic expls of offending behaviour

Answer 13

(+)R.S - Bowlby
(-) problems with R.S
(-) Little Evidence of Weak superego
(-) Psychodynamic approach is unfalsifiable
(+) P.A Trouble families programme

Question 14

(+)R.S - Bowlby

psychodynamic expls of offending behaviour

Answer 14

44 thieves study.
Found that young boys with criminal records for stealing were far more likely to have prolonged separation from their mothers at a young age.
Also found that boys with separations from mothers were more likely to be affectionless psychopaths

Question 15

(-)problems with R.S - Bowlby

psychodynamic expls of offending behaviour

Answer 15

44 thieves heavily criticised for researcher bias.

Bowlby carried out the research himself , may have been guilty of influencing responses of interviewees.

He also failed to draw a distinction between deprivation and privation within research.

Question 16

(-) Little Evidence of Weak superego

psychodynamic expls of offending behaviour

Answer 16

very little evidence that children raised without a same-sex parent are less law abiding as adults or fail to develop a conscience).
This contradicts Blackburn’s weak superego argument

Question 17

(+) P.A - psychodynamic expls of offending behaviour

Answer 17

-Trouble Families programme. used to identify vulnerable children who are then supported to prevent development of mental health issues and criminal behaviour.
Based off psychodynamic theory that poor parenting could increase the likelihood of a child becoming a criminal, as suggested by Blackburn + Bowlby