Tema 6. Ribosomas Flashcards

1
Q

Tamaño de los ribosomas

A

30nm

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2
Q

Cantidad de ribosomas

A

10M

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3
Q

Composición

A

60% Proteínas y 40% ARNr

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4
Q

Función

A

Traducción y síntesis de proteínas a partir de un molde de ARNm

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5
Q

Descubrimiento

A

Palaude 1955 y Claude

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6
Q

Ribosomas de células procariotas

A

70S

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7
Q

Ribosomas células eucariotas

A

80S

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8
Q

Ribosomas aislados

A

Monorribosomas

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9
Q

Grupos de 15 o 20 ribosomas

A

Polirribosomas o polisomas

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10
Q

Ribosomas de mitocondrias y cloroplastos

A

55-60S Y 70S

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11
Q

Estructura

A

Subunidad mayor 60S: ARNr 28S, 5’8S, 5S y 49 proteínas
Subunidad menos 40S: ARNr 18S y 33 proteínas

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12
Q

Chaperonas

A

Proteínas encargadas del pliegue

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13
Q

Sintetizan las proteínas que van al núcleo, mitocondrias, peroxisomas, citosol y mb plasmática

A

Ribosomas libres

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14
Q

Sintetizan proteínas que van al RER, AG, lisosomas, mb plasmática y los que van a ser secretados

A

Ribosomas asociados al retículo endoplasmático rugoso

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15
Q

Biogénesis

A

Se sintetizan en el nucléolo la mayoría, otros fuera. Pero todos se ensamblan en él

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16
Q

Qué sintetiza el nucléolo

A

ARNr 28S, 18S, 5’8S

17
Q

Qué sintetiza el núcleo

A

ARNr 5S

18
Q

Qué sintetizan los ribosomas del citosol

A

Las proteínas de los ribosomas