Dental pulp 1. cells 2. CT 3. anything else?

1. odontoblasts (in peripheral part), fibroblasts, mesenchymal cells 2. gelatinous CT, thin collagen fibers 3. super vascular

Periodontal ligament 1. Function 2. Location/attachment 3. structure 4. Any other fun features (obv)

1. dental support, counteract chewing suspends tooth in alveolus 2. attaches at cementum and alveolar bone proper 3. Dense irregular CT : collagen arranged into principal fiber bundles that stretch between cementum and alveolus 4. lots of nerves and vascular supply

Teeth, tongue, glands Flashcards by Farrah Rahmani

Layers of tooth-inside to out.

Pulp,
Dentin,
Enamel (superiorly) and Cementum (inferiorly)

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What are the calcified dental tissues? composition of them?

1) enamel2) cementum3) dentin

Made of calcium hydroxy apetitie = INORGANIC

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Enamel-
1. Inorganic vs 2. Organic what makes the cells found in matrix?
something special about enamel (a & b)

1) mineral =calcified hydroxyapetitie
2) calcified matrix with 2 fibrous glycoproteins=enamelin and amelogen—-made by ameloblasts WHICH ARENT FOUND IN ADULTS= a) no regeneration=acellular
b) striae of retzius (not the retropubic space)

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Do you have ameloblasts? What do they do?

No, not unless you are a child.

Ameloblasts make enamel (synthesize enamelin and amelogen=calcified matrix of enamel)

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Enamel vs cementum (with regards to location)

Same layer of tooth BUT enamel above cervix, cementum below cervix. Cervix around gum-tooth jct area

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Cementum- 
1. Inorganic substance
2. Organic substance
Divisions of cementum, what's in each part? 
A. 
B.

Components:
1) Inorganic substance = calcium hydroxyapetitie
2) Organic substance/calcified matrix= collagen, cementoblasts
Parts
a)Cellular cementum=apical region, cementoblasts, cementocytes
b) Acellular cementum= coronal region, cementoblasts

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Cervix of the tooth is?

junction of enamel and cementum

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Dentin- contents of dentin (2) interesting structural feature (3)

1) Inorganic=calcium hypoxyapetite
2) Organic=calcified matrix= collagen fibers–>made by odontoblasts located at periphery of pulp
3) dentinal tubules- receive odontoblastsic processes from odontoblasts

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Parts of pulp (inferior–>superior)

Apical foramina–>root canal –>pulp chamber

Most narrow–>widest order as well

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1) Tooth material(s) you CAN produce. 2) tooth material(s) you CANNOT produce (unless you’re a kid)

1) dentin (from odontoblasts), cementum (cementoblasts), 2) enamelalin and amelogen (from ameloblasts)

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What has collagen?

Dentin, cementun, pulp (thin fibers), periodontal ligament (principal fiber bundles), gingivae (principal fiber bundles), Tongue (lamina propria and submucosa= dense irregular collagenous CT),

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2 cell types in cementum- location of each

Cementoblasts- In both cellular (apical) and acellular (coronal) cementum
Cementocytes- Only in cellular (coronal) part. Found in lacunae [of cellular cementum] and sends processes via caniliculi to periodontal ligament (this is the part right outside cementum in gums)

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Dental pulp

cells
CT
anything else?

odontoblasts (in peripheral part), fibroblasts, mesenchymal cells
gelatinous CT, thin collagen fibers
super vascular

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What part of the tooth gets innervation/pain/all that wonderful anatomy stuff? What specifically is going on?

Dental Pulp!
GVE= Sympathetic Efferent- blood vessel diameter
ALL SENSATION = Pain–>CNS

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Dental supporting structure?

Periodontal ligament

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Periodontal ligament

Function
Location/attachment
structure
Any other fun features (obv)

dental support, counteract chewing suspends tooth in alveolus
attaches at cementum and alveolar bone proper
Dense irregular CT : collagen arranged into principal fiber bundles that stretch between cementum and alveolus
lots of nerves and vascular supply

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Alveolus-what is it? Structure?

IT'S BONE
Layers: 
Inner: cribiform plate- compact bone
Middle: Cancellous=trabecular bone= spongiosa= intervening layer
Outer: cortical plate- compact bone

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Principal fiber bundles- where are they found? Function?

Found in 2 places! 
1. Periodontal ligament
Collagen arranged to suspend the tooth in the alveolus. Makes connections with both 
Absorb and counteract force of chewing
structure of periodontal ligament 
2. in gums, attaches teeth to gums

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Gingivae (aka?)
1. structure
A. Function

=Gums, will be called gums from this point on
1. Epithelium = stratified squamous partially–> fully keratinized
2. Dense irregular CT= collagen arranged in 5 principal fiber bundles
A. Attach to enamel via HEMIDESMOSOMES

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Sulcus terminalis

V-shaped depression

Divides tongue into anterior (2/3) and posterior (1/3

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Foramen cecum

shallow pit of apex of v-shaped sulcus terminalis

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What are hemidesmosomes found in?

Gums: tooth attachment

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Tongue Layers

Epithelium=
—Dorsal tongue: stratified squamous parakeratinized-keratinized
—-Ventral tongue: stratified squamous non keratinized
lamina propria= dense irregular collagenous CT
submucosa= dense irregular collagenous CT
Muscle=core

Why does the tongue look rough, but still not uniformly rough?

Lingual papillae–4 subtypes

Filiform papillae
fungiform papilla
foliate papilla
circumvallate papillae

Filiform papilla-describe them

short, narrow, highly keratinized, pointed and project above tongue

Fungiform papilla-describe

mushroom shaped, project above tongue surface and MAY have taste buds. Found interspersed with filiform papilla

Foliate papilla

shallow longitudinal furrows on outer border of the tongue. (kinda look like rays around the sun)

Taste buds are found in?

Sometimes in fungiform papilla, but mostly in circumvallate papillae. Also in foliate papilla according to his pics.

Circumvallate papilla

10-15 large circular things surrounded by furrow. Distribution follows anterior border to sulcus terminalis (V-shaped thing). TASTE BUDS ARE HERE

Taste bud are ____. how many do you have?

INTRAEPITHELIAL SENSORY ORGAN. ~10,000 buds each made of 60-80 spindle shaped cells

Lifespan of the cells in the taste bud

10 days

1. You bit into an ice cream sandwich. Explain the sensation in your tooth. 2. This porridge is too hot! (sensation in tooth?)

No, not cold. Pain. All sensation to tooth is at dental pulp and it's always pain. This is probably why hot stuff and cold stuff hurt your tooth the same way.

cells in the taste buds can be divided....

4 cell types I=dark, II= light, III=intermediate, IV=basal dunno what this means.....

Formation of taste bud cells

Basal cells make dark cells (I) which become light (II) and then intermediate (III) and then die.

MAIN 4 tastes? mechanism of tasting (detection)?

Sour and Salty =ion channels | Bitter and sweet=specific receptors

You don't have any TAS2R--what happens

no detection of BITTER

Umami

savory= carboxylate ion of glumatic acid. Found in monosodium glutamate.

Ageusia | Dysgeusia

Complete or partial loss of taste

Tongue has a _____ core. Core is composed of ____ that are oriented ____. Core also has _____.

Muscular core skeletal muscle fibers cross in 3 different planes muscular core also has a few salivary glands.

Lingual salivary glands= _______ 1. type of secretions 2. secretion location 3. function 4. subtype--how is it different?

MINOR GLANDS 1. serous secretions 2. into furrow around each papilla 3. Assist taste buds in perceiving taste 4. Glands of von ebner= secrete in groove by circumvallate papilla (is this referring to sulcul terminalis or its the furrow??). Secretions are serous with lipases.

Salivary glands= ____ glands | x3

EXOCRINE GLANDS (3 pairs) 1. Parotid 2. submandibular 3. sublingual

Parotid Salivary glands

LARGE = 28 g (amount secreted, probably..) | serous acini

Submandibular glands

INTERMEDIATE =7-8 g | Serous AND mucous acini

Sublingual glands

SMALL=2g | mucous acini with serous demilunes

Salivary glands 1. synthesis and secretion of? 2. function of secretions? 3. Shape of glands 4. Outside of gland has?

1. lysozyme, amylase, lactoferrin, secretory component for IgA. 2. lysozyme and lactoferrin= antibacterial secretions. 3. tubuloalveolar glands 4. Capsule=dense irregular CT

Salivary gland drainage

acini--> intercolated duct -->intralobular ducts-->interlobular ducts

Acini are?

Serous and mucous cells that arrange around a central lumen

Striations can be found on?

intralobular ducts

Intercalated duct cells f(x)

secrete bicarb and absorb chloride

Serous demilunes

Can have some serous secreting cells in mucous acini. The serous cells are a bit crescent shaped and darker. Can be found in submandibular or sublingual glands.

saliva secretion

1.5L/day (produced or secreted...?) | Myoepithelial cells near basal lamina aid in saliva secretion.

Septa

Contain excretory ducts and divide the salivary gland into lobes and lobules

What compensates for enamel abrasion?

Enamel abrasion results in shorter teeth but luckily we have cementoblasts that make cementum.

REVIEW: What type of collagen is found in teeth?

Type I

Exocrine salivary glands vs NON-Exocrine glands?

Not Exocrine: Lingual (serous) --does not secrete the lysozymes, lactoferrine, amylase of igA component!!!! Exocrine: Parotid (serous) submandibular (serous and mucous) sublingual (mucous with serous demilunes)

What has stratified squamous epithelium (keratinized vs non)?

Gingiva, dorsal tongue= para-->fully keratinized | Ventral tongue= nonkeratinized stratified squamous