Tectonics Plate movement Flashcards
Types of faults
Reverse faults, convergent plate margin,
normal folds, divergent plate margin,
strike slip, fault to transform plate margin
P-waves, speed arrival, direction of movement, medium and damage
8 km/s arrives first vibration
The longitudinal waves compressions in the direction that travels spread quickly from fault
travel through liquids and solids
cause surface to buckle and fracture.
S waves speed arrival, direction of movement, medium, for which they can travel damage
4 km/s
arrive second
vibrates a right angle to direction of travel - (Transverse waves)
cannot travel through liquids only thro solids

Love waves arrival, direction of movement, medium
Arrives third only travels for surface of the crossed fastest of surface waves
moves from side to side
only through the surface of the crust
What is liquefaction?
Process by which water, saturated material temporarily loses normal strength, become less tightly packed so water molecules can rise to surface.
Occurs on lowland areas of unconsolidated, ground causes buildings to sink into soil.
What is a landslide?
Earthquake waves losing rock on consul data, material and steep slopes and starts moving downwards under influence of gravity. Common in Steeple mountainous areas can block roads hit settlements. Make it hard to rescue people
USGS suggest that over the last 40 years around 70% of all deaths caused by earthquakes globally, excluding from shaking building collapse and tsunamis attributed to secondary impacts are landslides
2008, Sichuan, 2005 Kashmir

How are seismic waves measured
Say summiteers can be used to measure, seismic waves, records, and locate size of seismic waves are in an earthquake
It makes a seismograph
Degree of movement shown as the amplitude of a wave between the mass, and the rest of instrument helps geologist and scientists , accurately measure the magnitude and size of seismic waves
How is earthquake, magnitude measured
Mercalli Scale
3 Tremors or notes by many by often do not realise it is an earthquake
6 felt by all many people run outdoors. Furniture is moved

10 many structures, destroyed, ground badly cracked
12 total destruction Waves seen as ground surface object, the tumbled on toast
Richter scale, one to 10 logarithmic
4-5 is lights 5 - 6, moderate, 6-7, strong, 7-8, major, 8-9 great