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A Level Geography > Tectonics Fact Attack > Flashcards

Tectonics Fact Attack Flashcards

1
Q

How old is earth?

A

4.6 billion years

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2
Q

What shape is Earth?

A

Geoid

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3
Q

How thick is oceanic crust?

A

7-20km

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4
Q

How thick is continental crust?

A

70km

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5
Q

What type of rock is the oceanic plate made from?

A

SIMA - Silica and Magnesium

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6
Q

What type of rock are continental plates made from?

A

SIAL - Silica and Aluminium

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7
Q

What type of plate is denser?

A

Oceanic

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8
Q

What is the lithosphere?

A

The crust and upper most part of the mantle

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9
Q

What is asthenosphere?

A

The liquid mantle

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10
Q

What layers of earth are liquid?

A

Mantle and outer core

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11
Q

Explain why inner core is solid?

A

Due to gravitational pressure from the rest of the planet

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12
Q

What is the temperature of the inner core?

A

5000-6000°c

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13
Q

Name of super continent?

A

Pangaea

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14
Q

When did Wegner come up with continental drift?

A

1912

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15
Q

Name 4 pieces of evidence that Wegner used?

A
  • Similar fossils in South America and Africa
    -Coal under Antarctica
  • Matching striations
  • Puzzle fit between continents like South America and Africa
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16
Q

When was Harry Hess’ theory?

17
Q

How did Harry Hess prove Wegners theory?

A

Palaeomagnitism - magnetic N/S pole which switches every 400,000 years making rocks align differntly

18
Q

How does sea floor spreading help prove Wegeners theory?

A

New land being created proves that plates are moving

19
Q

Name 3 tectonic plates?

A

Eurasian
North American
Pacific

20
Q

How tall can mid Atlantic ridges be?

A

4000 metres above sea floor

21
Q

Locate a famous rift valley?

A

Ethiopia - East African Rift

22
Q

How many countries does the East African Rift stretch through and how long is it?

A

8 countries
6000km

23
Q

Name 3 examples of fold mountain ranges?

A

Himalayas
Rockies
Andes

24
Q

Example of oceanic trench?

A

Mariana Trench

25
Q

When was the Christchurch earthquake and its aftershock?

A

September 2010
February 2011

26
Q

How many people died in Christchurch quake?

27
Q

How long were schools closed for following the Christchurch earthquake?

28
Q

How much international aid was provided for the Christchurch quake?

A

$6-7 million

29
Q

When was the Indian Ocean Tsunami?

30
Q

How high did the seabed rise in the Indian Ocean Tsunami?

A

15m causing 30km waves

31
Q

How many deaths in Indian Ocean Tsunami?

A

225,000 people

32
Q

How much was the damage from the Indian Ocean Tsunami?

A

$9.4 billion

33
Q

How much aid provided for Indian Ocean Tsunami?

A

$14 billion

34
Q

How many blankets did Oxfam provide people with after the Indian Ocean Tsunami?

35
Q

What does the Centre for Research on the Epidemologu of Disasters (CRED) define a disaster as?

A

10 people have died
100 people affected

A Level Geography (30 decks)

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