Tectonics Case Studies Flashcards
What magnitude was Nepal 2015?
7.8
What factors made Nepal more vulnerable?
It’s 197th in the world at GDP per capita
Weak infrastructure
Nearly 100 aftershocks
What were the impacts of iceland 2010?
100,000 flights cancelled
10 million passengers world wide stranded
Airlines lost 1.5 billion
5000 flower farmers in Kenya lost their jobs
What were the after affects of monserrat 1997?
19 deaths Plymouth the capital was destroyed 7000 of the 11,000 residents migrated 2/3 of all houses were destroyed Farmland was destroyed
What primary hazard is Monserrat a good example for?
Pyroclastic flows, talk about this when talking about speed of onset
They travel 100km per hour 700°C
How many people died in 2004 Asian tsunami?
289,601
What was the magnitude of the 2004 tsunami?
9.0 or 9.3
What were factors making countries vulnerable? 2004
Many low lying countries in Indian Ocean
No early warning systems Indian Ocean
Poor countries couldn’t afford Tsunami protection
What made Sri Lanka especially vulnerable? 2004
Deforestation of the mangrove forests
What were the impacts of the 2004 tsunami?
Infrastructure was destroyed
Economies were devastated
In Thailand 120,000 workers lost their jobs
A lot of salt water encroachment happened meaning little freshwater
How much was the overall economic cost? 2004
10 billion
What was the magnitude in Haiti 2010?
7.0 shallow focus earthquake
Factors that increased Haiti’s vulnerability?
The epicentre was 24km from the capital
Developing country with little money to spend on earthquake prep
Lack of building controls
Lack of disaster preparation
What were the impacts on Haiti?
220,000 deaths
Crucial aid supplies could not arrive leading to more secondary deaths
An outbreak of cholera that killed 9000
What did Haiti do to recover?
13 billion of aid had been donated
By 2015 80,000 Haitians were still living in temporary housing
New buildings, roads and schools
The government has proved to be getting better at managing hazards
The Sichuan earthquake 2008 impacts?
7.9 magnitude
45.5 million people affected
5 million homeless
Landslides triggered
70,000 dead
Factors making China more vulnerable 2008?
Corrupt government officials ignored building codes
High population density
Why was chinas response better than Haiti’s?
The damage was concentrated in rural areas
China has a large economy to pay for rescue
Within hours 130,000 soldiers and relief workers were sent out
Medical services sent to reduce disease
What did China do in the recovery?
10 billion for rebuilding works and wrote off debts of any survivors who didn’t have insurance
Safer building codes
40,000 people to a newly built city
What magnitude was Japan 2011?
9.0
What secondary hazard was caused by the Japan earthquake?
Tsunami
10 metre high waves
100km per hour
What catastrophe happened during this tsunami? Japan
The Fukushima Daiichi power plant was severely damaged and released dangerous levels of radiation into the air. 47,000 evacuations
How many deaths in Japan 2011?
15,000
What made Japan resilient?
Good building construction 75% earthquake proof
Low corruption
Early warning system
Education of the people such as drills
What was japans response to the disaster?
Within 24 hours 110,000 troops deployed
All radio and tv stations turned to official earthquake coverage
The Japan bank offered $183 billion to other banks to still work
They accepted help from 20 countries
How is the Philippines a multiple hazard zone?
It sits on a convergent plate boundary Lies within typhoon belts It has a tropical monsoon climate It was 47 volcanos Landslides are common
