Tectonics Case Studies

Question 1

What magnitude was Nepal 2015?

Answer 1

7.8

Question 2

What factors made Nepal more vulnerable?

Answer 2

It’s 197th in the world at GDP per capita
Weak infrastructure
Nearly 100 aftershocks

Question 3

What were the impacts of iceland 2010?

Answer 3

100,000 flights cancelled
10 million passengers world wide stranded
Airlines lost 1.5 billion
5000 flower farmers in Kenya lost their jobs

Question 4

What were the after affects of monserrat 1997?

Answer 4

19 deaths 
Plymouth the capital was destroyed 
7000 of the 11,000 residents migrated 
2/3 of all houses were destroyed 
Farmland was destroyed

Question 5

What primary hazard is Monserrat a good example for?

Answer 5

Pyroclastic flows, talk about this when talking about speed of onset
They travel 100km per hour 700°C

Question 6

How many people died in 2004 Asian tsunami?

Answer 6

289,601

Question 7

What was the magnitude of the 2004 tsunami?

Answer 7

9.0 or 9.3

Question 8

What were factors making countries vulnerable? 2004

Answer 8

Many low lying countries in Indian Ocean
No early warning systems Indian Ocean
Poor countries couldn’t afford Tsunami protection

Question 9

What made Sri Lanka especially vulnerable? 2004

Answer 9

Deforestation of the mangrove forests

Question 10

What were the impacts of the 2004 tsunami?

Answer 10

Infrastructure was destroyed
Economies were devastated
In Thailand 120,000 workers lost their jobs
A lot of salt water encroachment happened meaning little freshwater

Question 11

How much was the overall economic cost? 2004

Answer 11

10 billion

Question 12

What was the magnitude in Haiti 2010?

Answer 12

7.0 shallow focus earthquake

Question 13

Factors that increased Haiti’s vulnerability?

Answer 13

The epicentre was 24km from the capital
Developing country with little money to spend on earthquake prep
Lack of building controls
Lack of disaster preparation

Question 14

What were the impacts on Haiti?

Answer 14

220,000 deaths
Crucial aid supplies could not arrive leading to more secondary deaths
An outbreak of cholera that killed 9000

Question 15

What did Haiti do to recover?

Answer 15

13 billion of aid had been donated
By 2015 80,000 Haitians were still living in temporary housing
New buildings, roads and schools
The government has proved to be getting better at managing hazards

Question 16

The Sichuan earthquake 2008 impacts?

Answer 16

7.9 magnitude
45.5 million people affected
5 million homeless
Landslides triggered
70,000 dead

Question 17

Factors making China more vulnerable 2008?

Answer 17

Corrupt government officials ignored building codes

High population density

Question 18

Why was chinas response better than Haiti’s?

Answer 18

The damage was concentrated in rural areas
China has a large economy to pay for rescue
Within hours 130,000 soldiers and relief workers were sent out
Medical services sent to reduce disease

Question 19

What did China do in the recovery?

Answer 19

10 billion for rebuilding works and wrote off debts of any survivors who didn’t have insurance
Safer building codes
40,000 people to a newly built city

Question 20

What magnitude was Japan 2011?

Answer 20

9.0

Question 21

What secondary hazard was caused by the Japan earthquake?

Answer 21

Tsunami
10 metre high waves
100km per hour

Question 22

What catastrophe happened during this tsunami? Japan

Answer 22

The Fukushima Daiichi power plant was severely damaged and released dangerous levels of radiation into the air. 47,000 evacuations

Question 23

How many deaths in Japan 2011?

Answer 23

15,000

Question 24

What made Japan resilient?

Answer 24

Good building construction 75% earthquake proof
Low corruption
Early warning system
Education of the people such as drills

Question 25

What was japans response to the disaster?

Answer 25

Within 24 hours 110,000 troops deployed
All radio and tv stations turned to official earthquake coverage
The Japan bank offered $183 billion to other banks to still work
They accepted help from 20 countries

Question 26

How is the Philippines a multiple hazard zone?

Answer 26

It sits on a convergent plate boundary 
Lies within typhoon belts 
It has a tropical monsoon climate 
It was 47 volcanos
Landslides are common