Regeneration Revision Cards Flashcards
What players were involved in Newcastles regeneration?
The EU Uk central government Local government NGOs charities Private businesses Local interest groups
What role did the EU play in newcastles regeneration?
Provided inward investment funding. Local authorities applied for funding through the government to fund 50% the remaining had to be funded by others
What role does the Uk central government play in regeneration?
Set National planning regulations. Fund top down regeneration projects. Fund especially infrastructure.
What projects did the government fund in Newcastle?
The Tyne and Wear development corporation 1987-1998
ONE north east 1999-2012
What’s the role of local government in regeneration?
Set planning regulations
Help fund redevelopment
Some council tax revenue is spend on regeneration schemes to fit the locals needs
What’s the role of the NGO charities?
Provide additional funding grants eg national lottery
What role does private businesses play in regeneration?
To physically carry out the development usually in partnership with council or charities
What is the role of the local interest groups in regeneration?
Bottom up development projects
To cater to residents needs and tell the government what they need
What is match funding?
The government has to invest the same as the EU
What is a good example of a successful project in Newcastle?
The quayside 1987-2002
Why was the Newcastle quayside project successful?
Derelict docks, warehouses and shipyards were swept away by over £200 million of investment from the uk. 2,500 jobs created. Business park developed.
What were the impacts of the Newcastle flagship project?
Created a multiplier effect locally meaning more jobs and a better quality of life in the city
Why did london need regeneration in 2012?
a lot of abandoned old industrial sites Low achievement in schools Industrial wastelands High unemployment rates High deprivation and poverty
What were the main positive social impacts of the London 2012 development?
The atheletes village got relaunched as a housing estate
A new school was built
Unemployment overall fell during the olympics period
What were the social disadvantages of the london 2012 redevelopment?
Many people in surrounding places still remain in poverty
450 houses for poorer people were demolished during the building
Some couldn’t afford ‘the affordable homes’
What were the positive economic impacts of the London 2012 redevelopment?
Infrastructure improved, fasting train lines were built
£9bn of investment to east London
All of the olympic venues sold after
£10bn generated for the Uk economy
What were the negative economic impacts of the 2012 Olympics?
One stadium cost £701 million
The project was £5bn over budget
Rent and property prices went up after the games
What were the positive environmental impacts of the 2012 redevelopment?
Parkland was opened to the public on site
New green spaces and wildlife habitats
Stadiums were made of at least 25% recycled material
Cleaned up brownfield site
What were the negative environmental impacts of the London 2012 redevelopment?
The games produced 3.3 million tons of CO2
Lots of wildlife had to be relocated
Why was the pathfinder scheme in Scottswood unsuccessful?
They mass demolished housing
Conflicts between the local people and government
The residents were ignored and forcefully relocated
2008 crash lead to money running out
Why was the grainger town project successful?
The cultural and architectural importance of old buildings was recognised and valued as part of the city’s identity.
They renovated instead of demolished
What were the impacts of the grainger town redevelopment?
1,400 jobs created
Retail and entertainment sectors in the city grew massively
What is sustainable development?
Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
What must a sustainable development take into account?
Environmental
Social
Economic
What is accessibility?
How easy it is to travel to a place or interact with an individual
What is counter urbanisation?
An increase in the proportion of a population living within rural areas due to migration from urban to rural regions
What is cultural erosion?
The loss of a culture, resulting in a change in ideas or disregard for traditions
What is degeneration?
The decline of a region overtime, due to insufficient funds, outward migration and declining quality of life for the residents
What is deindustrialisation?
A reduction in industrial capacity, leading to social and economic change within a region
What is deprivation?
Individuals lack basic services or objects they would expect to have in the 21st century
What is dereliction?
The loss of industry or productivity of a land, leaving it abandoned
What is environmental impact assessment?
The study of environmental impacts caused by large business projects
What is gentrification?
Renovation of older/deteriorating buildings or areas with the aim of attracting high-income individuals or elite businesses to a place
What is inequality?
Differences in income, well-being and wealth between individuals, communities and society
What is rebranding?
Creating a new look or reputation for an area
What is a stakeholder?
An individual with interest and influence within their community (residents, local businesses, NGOs)
What is demographic characteristics?
The features of a place’s population e.g age structure, ethnicity, socio-economic class and gentrification
HS2 keys cons
£106 Bn just for first phase
400 houses demolished
56 hectares of woodland demolished
5.8-6.2 million tonnes of CO2 during construction
HS2 pros
Relive gridlock traffic in cities Railway could create jobs 300,000 passengers a day 225 mph speeds Boosts tourism by £300bn
Why was Sydney successful?
Leading financial centre for the Asia pacific
450,000 businesses based in Sydney
Low levels of deprivation
Deregulation in banking and finance
What are the costs of Sydney?
Property is extremely expensive
The cost of living is very high
Why has Sydney experienced growth?
Because of its climate it makes it very nice to live there
Many jobs
Better quality of life
What were the initial causes of liverpools decline?
Deindustrialisation
The old docks were unsuitable
Unemployment grew because of containerisation
Eastern ports were more popular because of Europe trade
Why was regeneration in liverpool necessary?
Due to deindustrialisation liverpool experienced economic as well as social deprivation along with high levels of crime and vandalism
What regeneration did liverpool do?
They revamped the Albert dock into shops and cafes as a tourist attraction
The Merseyside development cooperation reclaimed 4km2 of derelict land
They got the European capital of culture bid
What did the city of culture bid do for liverpool?
Meant £4bn could be invested in the regeneration and the economy of the city has been boosted by £800 million
Who are the players and stakeholders in liverpool?
Liverpool vision Liverpool city council English partnerships North west regional development JP Morgan
How successful has it been? Liverpool
Over 15 million visitors came to the city in 2008 for the 7,000 cultural events
Attendances increased by 30% at Albert dock venues
The new shopping centre boosted retail
