Tectonic Plates

Question 1

Name the four parts of the earth

Answer 1

Inner core
Outer core
Mantel
Crust

Question 2

What is the inner core made of?

Answer 2

Solid iron + nickel

Question 3

What is the outer core made of?

Answer 3

Molten iron+nickel

Question 4

What is the mantel made of?

Answer 4

Semi-molten rock

Question 5

Name the characteristics of oceanic crust

Answer 5

Denser
Younger
Basalt

Question 6

Name the characteristics of continental crust

Answer 6

Less dense
Older
Granite

Question 7

Name the characteristics of a constructive margin

Answer 7

Move apart

Magma rises to fill gaps (mid-ocean ridges)

Question 8

Name the type of crust of constructive margins

Answer 8

Oceanic+Oceanic

We can also get Continental+continental

Question 9

Name volcanoes/earthquakes in constructive boundaries

Answer 9

Creates shield volcanoes

Earthquakes (shallow and gentle)

Question 10

Characteristics of destructive plate boundaries

Answer 10

Move together
Heavier/denser oceanic crust is pushed down the continental crust
Continental crust folds to create volcanoes

Question 11

In which type of crust do you find collision plate boundaries

Answer 11

Oceanic+continental

Question 12

Volcanoes/earthquakes in destructive plate boundaries

Answer 12

Explosive volcanoes
Violent earthquakes due to friction
Most hazardous
Oceanic trenches

Question 13

Name the characteristics of collision boundaries

Answer 13

Continental plates move together

They are too light to be subducted so they are folded

Question 14

Types of crust collision margins

Answer 14

Continental+continental

Question 15

Volcanoes/earthquakes in collision plates boundaries

Answer 15

Volcanic activity is rare (no subduction)

Violent earthquakes

Question 16

Name the characteristics of conservative margins

Answer 16

Tectonic plates move in different directions or at different speeds
Plates are locked together by friction which builds up pressure
Eg. San Andreas fault

Question 17

Types of crust in conservative margins

Answer 17

All of them

Question 18

Volcanoes/earthquakes in conservative margins

Answer 18

Frequent and violent earthquakes

No volcanoes

Question 19

Where do we find earthquakes and volcanoes

Answer 19

At plate boundaries normally in a straight line e.g. Pacific ring of fire. There are also hotspots: where you find volcanic activity without being a plate boundary

Question 20

How do earthquakes occur

Answer 20

Friction builds up pressure

Eventually, this pressure is released in seismic waves

Question 21

How do volcanoes occur

Answer 21

Oceanic crust is subducted
The crust is melted
The oceanic crust is less dense than the mantel so it rises

Question 22

Advantages of living near volcanoes

Answer 22

Beautiful landscape (+ scientists protection) 
Fertile soil (long-term) 
Tourism (geyser+hot springs) 
Minerals 
Geothermal energy

Question 23

What type of volcano is Eyjafjallajokul and where is it?

Answer 23

In Iceland (mid Atlantic ridge) 
Composite volcano (more violent)

Question 24

When did Eyjafjallajokull erupt? How?

Answer 24

April 2010

3,000 earthquakes

Question 25

Short term effects of Eyjafjallajokull

Answer 25

Rescuers needed to wear masks 
Ash blocked the sun 
10,00 flights were cancelled over 8days --> trade
80 Million pounds losses 
Evacuation 
Contaminated water systems/electricity

Question 26

Long term effects in Eyjafjallajokull

Answer 26

Homes and roads were damaged

Crops were destroyed by the ash –> substantial farming

Question 27

How did the government/people respond to Eyjafjallajokull’s eruption

Answer 27

Didn’t need aid because the government was well prepared (resilient)
Government evacuated neighbouring areas
Iceland invested in scientists to go and investigated