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Geography > Global Warming > Flashcards

Global Warming Flashcards

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1
Q

What is long term climate change

A

Change over tens and hundreds of thousands of years. Including ice ages

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2
Q

What causes long term?

A

Sun’s orbit
Sun spot
Volcanic activity
Tectonic plates

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3
Q

How de we know about long term

A

Ice cores
Ocean sediments
Pollen analysis

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4
Q

How do ice cores work?

A

You extract a large tube of glacial ice. We can see different layers which are different years and analyse the levels of each gas.

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5
Q

Ocean sediments

A

Drill a hole and take a tube of the oceans floor, with layers. They can see what type of rock and what animals lived there so they can guess how the temperature was

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6
Q

Pollen analysis

A

To see what vegetation was in the past so can have a guess on how the temperature was

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7
Q

What is medium term climate change

A

The last couple of thousand of years.

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8
Q

What causes medium term?

A

Variations on solar output

Volcanic activity

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9
Q

How do we know about medium term?

A

Historical records
Tree rings
Written accounts

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10
Q

Historical records

A

Maybe describe temperatures in those times which help us have a brief idea

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11
Q

Written accounts and paintings

A

We know because it is described. Maybe the temperature is drawn.

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12
Q

Tree rings

A

Thick ring: warm period
Thin ring: cold period
(Each ring is one year)

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13
Q

What is short term climate change

A

Refers to the last hundred years. In this period the changes have changed much more quickly and produced drastic results

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14
Q

What causes short term?

A 
Human activity
Burning fossil fuels
Deforestation
Agriculture 
Waste disposal
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15
Q

How do we know about short term

A

Weather stations
Photographs
Sea level rise

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16
Q

Weather station

A

Measure detailed data and statistics

17
Q

Sea level rise

A

The sea level and the temperature give an indication of global climate change

18
Q

Photographs

A

We can see sometimes the atmosphere, animals and vegetation.

19
Q

What is the natural greenhouse effect

A

Greenhouse gases have acted as the world’s insulation in natural process called the greenhouse effect. The solar radiation(uv) passes through these to get to the earth’s surface were some is absorbed and some is reflected back. The energy that is absorbed by the earth is converted into heat and emitted back into the past atmosphere as infrared radiation. This heat is trapped by greenhouse gases and gets trapped in between the earth’s surface and the atmosphere and heats up the temperature.

20
Q

What is the enhanced greenhouse effect

A

The unnatural greenhouse gas emissions as a result from human activity. More infrared radiation is trapped inside and heats up the temperature more

21
Q

What activities are causing the enhanced greenhouse effect

A

Deforestation
Burning fossil fuels
Cows
Landfills

22
Q

Burning fossil fuels

A

When these are burnt, they release co2

23
Q

Deforestation

A

To clear land for agriculture, they chop down the trees who release the co2 stored in them

24
Q

Cows

A

These produce lots of methan as part of their digestive process. The number of these are increasing so the level of this gas also increases

25
Q

Landfill

A

When things decompose produce methane

26
Q

Which country has the biggest carbon footprint individually and why

A

United Arab Emirates. They have lots of oil so therefore lots of money and land, lots of greenhouse gases emitted. Not everyone has a lot of money but those who do, have an enormous carbon footprint

27
Q

Which country have the biggest carbon footprint as a country and why

A

China.It’s population is growing and they need more products so therefore need more land which causes deforestation, and then build factories which causes greenhouse gases emissions

28
Q

Countries vulnerable to climate change, why?

A

They frequently have catastrophes due to co2 emissions such as flooding which leads to illness,deaths and food shortages

29
Q

What causes more intense hurricanes

A

The sea is darker so it can hold more UV radiation. Energy is stored here and when a hurricane happens, it has more energy to feed on

30
Q

What causes slr

A

Warmer atmosphere makes the glaciers and ice sheets melt

31
Q

What is adaptation

A

Trying to adapt to climate change. Actions which help people manage better the effects of climate change. This is mainly in poorer countries

32
Q

What is mitigation

A

(Trying to slow down climate change) attempts to slow down climate change by reducing carbon emissions. Normally just in richer countries.

33
Q

Renewable energy

A 
Wind power
Solar power
Hydropower
Geothermal power
Nuclear power

Geography (9 decks)

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