Tectonic Hazards Kq2 Flashcards
Distribution of fold mountains
The Himalayas in South Asia
The Alps in Southern Europe
Example of a shield volcano
Formed along divergent plate boundaries
Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
Example of stratovolcano
Formed along convergent plate boundaries
Mount Mayon, Philippines.
Distribution of volcanoes(converge)
Converge, west coast, north and South America
Western, Pacific Ocean; japan, philippines,Indonesia, pacific island, New Zealand
Found where plates ———-
Stretches up the ———— of ———— and————- ————-.
Along the ————- side of the ———— —————;———- ———- ———, right down through the —————- to ———————-.
Distribution of volcanoes(diverge)
Middle, Atlantic Ocean
The ——— of the ——— ———-.
Destruction by volcanic material
Ongoing, Kilauea, Hawaii, Low-silica lava, Long distances.
The ——— eruption of ———- in ———- of ————-, which as flowed over ———- ———— and destroyed many roads and houses.
Pollution
Iceland, 2010, extensive cloud cover, volcanic ash, aircraft, closure, air space, europe.
An eruption of a volcano in ———— in ———- produced an ——— ——— ——- of ———— ———-, which posed a serious danger to ——————. This resulted in the ————- of ———— ———- over much of ————— and caused many flights to be cancelled.
Fertile volcanic soil
Java, bali, cultivation, large rural populations, many decades
The volcanic soils of ——— and ——— have made it possible to support the ————- of crops. This is the reason that these two islands have been able to support ——— ———- ———— over ——- ———-.
Building materials, and precious stones and materials
Diamonds, deep underground, closer, magma forces, upwards, mantle
Old volcanic rocks, Kimberly, South Africa, richest, diamonds
——- are created ———- ———- and are brought ———- to the surface when ———- ———- its way ———— from the ————.
——— ———- ——- at ———- in ——— ——— are one of the world’s ——- sources of ———-
Tourism
Pompeii, partially, 4-6m, ash, pumice, Mount Vesuvius, CE 79.
——- was ——— destroyed and buried under ——— of ——— and ——- in the eruption of ———- ———— in ——— ———. It is now a major tourist attraction in Italy.
Geothermal energy
70%, Iceland’s, volcanic steam, electricity, geothermal power, large number.
Over ——— of ——— homes are heated from ———— ———— and most of Iceland’s ———- is generated from —————- ———- due to the ——— ——— of volcanoes in the country.
Distribution of earthquakes
Convergent ,divergent and transform, Pacific Ring of Fire, west coast of north and South America
Eastern side of Asia; japan, philippines, Indonesia, pacific island New Zealand.
Himalayas in Asia , Mediterranean , down through east Africa
Found along ———,———- and ——— ———— boundaries.
They are found along the ———— ———— of ————- which stretches up the ———— ———— of ———————
Down the ————— ———- of —————; japan, philippines, Indonesia, down through teh Pacific islands to New Zealand
Found across the ———— in ————- , ————— region and down through ——— ———-.
Time of occurrence
Sun Moon Lake region, Taiwan , 2400, 7.3, 1.47
——- ——- —— ——- in ———, ——— ppl killed when a ———- magnitude earthquake occured at ——— am.
Distance from epicentre
Christchurch(2011), 6.3, 6.7
———-, destroyed many buildings in the city when a ——— magnitude earthquake occured ——-km away from teh city centre.
Type of soil
Christchurch(2011), abandoned, liquefaction
———- many buildings and houses had to be ——— due to ———-.
Threat of tsunamis
9.2, Indian Ocean , 4-40 m tall, 10 km inland, coastal communities, 12
A ———- magnitude earthquake triggered a tsunami with waves spreading through the ——— ————.
The tsunami created was ———- ——— and travelled as far as ——— ——-causing damage to ———— ———— in ——— countries.
Disruption of services
Kobe,japan, electricity, gas water, 1 million ,1.4 million.
Extensive fires, two days.
Damaged water pipes, strong winds, heat
The earthquake in ————,———- disrupted ———, ——- and ——— supplies to about ——— million out of ——— million residents.
The earthquake in Kobe, japan caused ——— ——— that raged on for ———- ———.
———- ——- ——- meant that firefighters could not control teh fires and fires spread quickly due to the ——- ——- created by the ——- of the fire.
Landslides
Earthquake, Peru ,1970, volcano, more than 160km/h, nearby town, more than 18000 ppl.
An ——— in ——— in ——- triggered a landslide from a ———. The landslide travelled —— than ———km/h and destroyed a ——— ———, killing ——- ——- ——— ppl.
Destruction of property
Tohoku, 2011, tsunami, 10km inland.
Homeless, temporary shelters
The ——- earthquake in japan in —— caused a ——-, which travelled up to —- km inland from the coast.
Hundreds of thousands of ppl were left ——- and had to live in ——— ——— set up by teh government .
Destruction of infrastructure
Kobe, 1995
After the earthquake in ——-, japan in ——, rescue teams had difficult reaching many parts of teh city due to damaged roads.
Loss of lives
Haiti, 2010, 300,000, not prepared, emergency aid, slow
The earthquake that hit —— in —— killed around ———- ppl as the ppl were —— —— and ——- ——- was ——-.
