Assess The Imapacts Of Tourism On A Country Case Studies. Flashcards
Economic impacts- employment opportunities
In 2011, the World Trade Organisation estimated that the tourism industry employed over 235 million ppl in the world(6-8% of all jobs in the world)
Growth in income
On Pamilacan Island in the Philippines, local fishermen can earn between US80-100 by taking tourists to look for and swim with whale sharks and dolphins.
Infrastructure development(transport and communication networks, electrical frameworks and systems for water and waste disposal) needed for large sale tourism.
In Athens, Greece, the underground rail systems were expanded to accommodate more tourists during the Summer Olympic Games of 2004. The rails continue to serve locals and tourists even after the games.
Seasonal unemployment
Many beach resorts in the East Coast of Malaysia are closed from November to march due to floods brought by the monsoon season. People employed in the tourism industry have to find other sources of income during this time.
Leakage of income
For every us1 spent by tourists in Phuket, only 6 cents stays in the Phuket economy. 70 cents is lost to international airlines, hotel chains and prepaid tours. While 24 cents goes to the broader Thai economy to non Phuket Thai workers, goods and services from other parts of Thailand.
Underuse of facilities
Some of the venues built for the Olympic Games in Beijing china were reportedly deteriorating after a few years after the olympics and some had to be renovated by the government for other uses.
Shortage of services
Large amounts of water and electricity are required hotels and tourist facilities in Bali, Indonesia. This leads to water and power being diverted to meet the needs of tourist who can pay more for these services than locals. It is estimated that 65% of the water supply goes to the tourism industry causing water shortages in some areas
Preservation of culture and local customs.
The historical Christ Church in Malacca has been restored and is now a monument of Malacca’s colonial past as well as a tourist attraction.
Dilution of cultural and local customs.
Restaurants and souvenir shops catered to tourists have replaced many of the original shops in Singapore’s Chinatown.
Conflicts between local and tourist
In Bali, a conservative and highly religious local population may be offended by public displays of affection or uncomfortable with the wearing if skimpy clothing. However, tourists may perceive these as being acceptable.
Increased crime.
In Bali, due to a high number of tourists who visit the island, the island has experienced increased crime rates.
Most of these cases involve tourists that are scammed by dishonest merchants or money changers who over charge tourist for goods and services.
However, there area also, many cases of pickpocketing and snatch theft.
Conservation fo natural environments
Tourists show ant to hike the world famous Overland Trail in Tasmania have to pay a fee of AUS200.
The money is sued to pay for the park rangers who mangae the tourists, the facilities like toilets and huts along the trail as well as maintaining the trails to Ensure minimal damage is done by erosion and trampling of vegetation.
Increased congestion
In Bali, tourist sites like Kuta are often congested. This is due to the bus loads of tourist as well as cars and taxis catering to tourists. This makes it more difficult for locals to commute to their homes or work places due to traffic jams caused.
Vandalism
10 million visitors visit the Great Wall of China a year. Thousands of stones and bricks that were used to make the Great Wall are covered in graffiti left by tourists.
Pollution and littering
Many islands in the Caribbean have limited land to treat waste from the cruise ships that visit the islands. The liquid and solid waste from these cruise ships may be dumped overboard, destroying and damaging marine ecosystems such as coral reefs.
