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Geography > Tectonic hazards 2 > Flashcards

Tectonic hazards 2 Flashcards

Chile and Nepal case study.

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1
Q

What are much greater in lower income countries?

A

Impacts of tectonic hazards on buildings and infrastructure, and subsequently people.

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2
Q

The economic impacts are often higher in…

A

high income countries.

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3
Q

Chile earthquake date

A

17th February 2010

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4
Q

Nepal earthquake date

A

25th April 2015

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5
Q

Chile earthquake magnitude

A

8.8 on the Richter scale

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6
Q

Nepal earthquake magnitude

A

7.9 on the Richter scale

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7
Q

What type of plate boundary did the Nepal earthquake take place on?

A

Collision

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8
Q

What type of plate boundary did the Chile earthquake take place on?

A

Destructive

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9
Q

How many people were affected by the Nepal earthquake?

A

8 000 000

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10
Q

How many people were affected by the Chile earthquake?

A

800 000

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11
Q

How many deaths Chile?

A

≈500

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12
Q

How many deaths Nepal?

A

8692

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13
Q

How many injured in Nepal?

A

20 000

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14
Q

How many injured in Chile?

A

12 000

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15
Q

How many homes lost in Nepal?

A

≈3 million

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16
Q

How many homes lost in Chile?

A

220 000

17
Q

How many schools destroyed in Nepal?

A

7000

18
Q

How many schools destroyed in Chile?

A

4500

19
Q

Cost of damage Chile earthquake?

A

💲30 billion

20
Q

Cost of damage Nepal earthquake?

A

💲5 billion

21
Q

Why was the cost of damage higher in Chile than in Nepal?

A

The facilities and infrastructure destroyed would’ve been of a higher value than those destroyed in Nepal.

22
Q

Secondary effects Nepal earthquake.

A

Avalanche - Mt. Everest - 19 killed, 250 missing

Over 20 000 landslides triggered causing blockades including one at the Indian border which affected supplies of food, medicine, construction, and emergency aid, resulting in more death.

23
Q

Secondary effects Chile Earthquake

A

Triggered tsunamis which struck several pacific countries such as Hawaii

Road damage blocked emergency aid.

24
Q

Immediate responses Nepal earthquake

A

-Required foreign aid from NGOs
-Rescue teams, medical support, and water provided by the UK, China, and India
-US 💲126 mill raised in international aid
-Half a million tents provided sheltering the homeless
-UN and WHO distributed medical supplies
-30,000 evacuated to Kathmandu

25
Q

Immediate responses Chile

A

Key route from Santiago (1500m of road damage) was repaired (temporarily) within 24 hrs

90% of power and water restored within 10 days

30 000 small emergency services build - wooden shelters

26
Q

Long term responses Chile

A

Strong government said it would take 4 yrs to fully recover

Strong economy based off copper exports could be rebuilt without the need for much foreign aid.

27
Q

Long term responses Nepal

A

Foreign aid required.

Held an international conference to discuss reconstruction and to seek financial support.

Didn’t have the economy to support their own recovery.

28
Q

______ is hindered by poverty, reliant on aid and support, and their recovery is ongoing.

A

Nepal

29
Q

______ responses were rapid an effective.

A

Chile’s
leading to a lower death toll.

30
Q

What happened a month after the Chile earthquake?

A

The Chilean government launched a housing reconstruction plan to help nearly 200,000 households.

31
Q

How long did the president say it could take to rebuild ports and houses in Chile?

A

Up to 4 years (which is actually a relatively short period of time).

32
Q

GDP Chile

A

38th highest

33
Q

GDP Nepal

A

109th highest

34
Q

What percentage of shops were destroyed in Nepal?

A

50%

35
Q

How many were left without access to clean water and sanitation Nepal?

A

2 million as water tanks and pipes were destroyed.

36
Q

What did no access to clean water lead to Nepal?

A

An outbreak of Typhus, killing at least 13 people.

37
Q

A lack of tools and machinery slowed down efforts where?

A

Nepal, despite foreign aid.

38
Q

Environmental impact Chile earthquake

A

-contamination of rivers and ocean water from damaged sewage treatment plans

39
Q

Environmental impact Nepal earthquake

A

-Contaminated water sources
- Loss of forest and farmland due to landslides and avalanches
-Increased sediment in rivers
-Increased risk of flooding downstream from landslides

Geography (18 decks)

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