Technology & Society Flashcards
represents the product life on an innovation
s-curve
inventor of gasoline powered car 1885
Karl Benz
inventor of airplane
Orville and Wilbur Wright
inventor of integrated circuit
Jack Kilby of TX Instruments and Robert Noyce - Fairchild Semiconductor
inventor of internet
Robert E. Kahn & Vince Cerf
Funding for technological development
Private Business or Government Programs
reduce energy making better use of existing resources
conservation
productive for a long time
sustainable systems
medicine, agriculture, biological engineering, bioremedial and biodegradation, cloning, human genome project
biotechnology
create organisms for purpose of removing environmental contamination
bioremediation and biodegradation
funds and regulates technology
government
incineration, landfill, recycle, sustainable methods
material disposal
speed of a inviscid flow increases, pressure decreases. Consequently, faster moving air creates slower pressure. Carburetors and pitot tubes
Bernoulli’s principal
thrust, life, drag, weight
aerodynamics
uses laboratory equipment to diagnose disease
pathology
ethylene, propylene, benzene, styrene
petrochemicals
fertilizers, insecticides, gherbicides
agrochemicals
polyester, polyethylene, Bakelite
polumers
vanillin coumarin
fragrances/flavors
ammonia, nitric acid, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid
inorganic industrial compounds
phenol, urea, ethylene oxide
organic industrial compounds
silica, brick, and frit
ceramics
ammonium nitrate, nitrocellulose, notroglycerin
explosives
lard and soybean oil
oleochemicals
polyisoprene, neoprene, polyurethane
elastomers
start and end, processing steps, inputs and outputs, conditionals, decisions, junctions, and connectors
flowcharts
visual representation of complex information to see quickly: bar charts, pie charts, column charts, organizational charts, flowcharts
graphs
systematic approach to measuring the human body
anthropometrics
better design in reducing injury at workplace
ergonomics
electric impulses from upper arm to prosthetic
myoelectric impulse
measures blood pressure
sphygmomanometer
braces to improve physical performance and reduce pain
orthotics
reproducing segments of 100 billion molecules of the same DNA
polymerase chain reaction
DNA identification in criminal science
forensics
using microbes to improve air quality
biofiltering
microbe-filled liquid to contaminated gas
bioscrubbing
microbes that eat oil - example of….
bioremediation
chemicals that adhere to oil globs and neutralize them
dispersant (detergent)
accelerating the removal of hazardous waste from the environment
biostimulation
Sewage undergoing anaerobic digestion to be used as fertilizer or completing the digestion process to create heat
Methane Production
fermenting starches and sugars, mostly corn and sugarcane, into fuel
ethanol
ethanol and gasoline
“gasohol”
80% regular diesel fuel and 20% natural oil from deep fryers
biodiesel
technique of identifying chromsomal abnormalities in fetuses and identify problems
aminiocentesis
medical procedure for failing kidneys
dialysis
cuts moist tissue, most common in LASIK, low intensity encourages would healing
laser surgery
provides rhythmic electrical impulses for heart function
pacemaker
electrical shock in event of arrhythmia and cardiac arrest
difibrillator
deprived of oxygen, will ferment sugar and other substances
yeast
chemical that is extracted from living cell and used as a reagent during some production process (high fructose corn syrup, sweeteners) isolate mRNA for cells to behave in desired manner
bioreagent
foreign genesm known as transgenes
Genetically Modified (GM)
crops modified to tolerate herbicides create this organism impervious to herbicide
“superweeds”
relied on bt organic farmers,aka soil bacterium, which acts as insecticide.
Bt