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Tech Praxis > Information & Communication Technologies > Flashcards

Information & Communication Technologies Flashcards

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1
Q
  • Software Developer - analyst, developer, programmer (must know multiple programming languages)
  • Business Systems Analyst - business systems planner, solutions architect (enhance productivity and efficiency)
  • Database Programmer - database coordinator, administrator (develops the database strategy and identifies means of improving performance and capacity)
  • Information Systems Analyst - information systems designer (requires comprehensive knowledge of telecommunications technology, software applications, and business operations and processes
  • Chief Information Officer (CIO) - leads an organizations IT group (CIO have IT degree)
  • Computer Engineers - design, install, and perform maintenance. (Often require electronics / mechanical engineering / electrical engineering degrees. Trade certification are beneficial when the focus is repair work)
  • Wed Developers - create, test, maintain web pages and links. (require IT or similar degrees, HTML, programming, software)
A

Careers

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2
Q

act of communication by transmitting information over long distances. Consist of many different terminals, links, and nodes.

Has three basic components:

1) Transmitter - converts information into a signal
2) Transmission Medium - how signal is carried
3) Receiver - converts transmission into useable information

A

Telecommunication

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3
Q

Verizon is largest us wireless phone provider, ATT second.

China Mobile largest provider in the world

Vodafone is British telecommunications company, 2nd largest, largest in terms of revenue.

America Movil is Mexican telecommunications, 4th largest in world.

A

Major Service Providers

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4
Q

is any computer linked to the network

A

Network Node

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5
Q

signals to travel farther without degradation, they do not read signals. Only clean and regenerate them to transmit at higher power level

A

Repeaters

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6
Q

Only sent to address or signal, two computers can communicate without hampering communication on the other side, more that a repeater

A

Bridge

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7
Q

reads each message, only forwards it down the spoke the is linked to target computer

A

Switch

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8
Q

Swedish corporation - largest mobile telecommunications vendor in the world

A

Ericsson

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9
Q

Finnish corporation - highest selling mobile phone vendor in the world

A

Nokia

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10
Q

American corporation - voice communication, networking, communication services, consumer electronics

A

Cisco

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11
Q

Largest supplier of networking and telecommunications in China, second largest in world behind Ericsson

A

Huawei

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12
Q

Second largest telecommunications in China, 4th in the world

A

ZTE

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13
Q

private company that supplies enterprise network, telephony, can call center technology

A

Avaya

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14
Q

Japanese corporation that sells information technology and network solutions

A

NEC

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15
Q

runs the needs of other computer programs (files, databases, printers)

A

Servers

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16
Q

physical or virtual connection between two computer programs

A

Port

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17
Q

computer can both read and write information, computer can access stored date in any order

A

Random-Access Memory (RAM)

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18
Q

usually data stored on computer’s motherboard, cannot be overwritten, contains basic hardware programming to run operating systems.

A

Read-Only Memory (ROM)

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19
Q

allow multiple networks to be linked across an internet (network of networks) by forwarding messages, allow each network to retain own individual characteristics

A

Routers

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20
Q

covers a local area such the the inside of a home or public business, Wi-Fi is a type

A

Local Area Network (LAN)

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21
Q

connects multiple LANs

A

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

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22
Q

covers a wide outdoor area and usually serves to connect office buildings or provide public Internet access

A

Wide Area Network (WAN)

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23
Q

includes Wi-Fi Networks, Fixed Wireless Data networks, and other small networks (Bluetooth is a type)

A

Personal Area Network (PAN)

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24
Q

a chip that is the first program ran when the computer is turned on to start the operating system (know as BOOTING)

A

BIOS - Basic input / Output Sustem

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25
Q

manipulates data within the computer, consists of three main parts:

1) Arithmetic / Logic Unit - carries out operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc)
2) Control Unit - manages machine activities
3) Register Unit - data storage cells temporarily (special-purpose [cache memory which is needed immediately] and general-purpose)

A

Central Processint Unit (CPU)

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26
Q

contains both RAM and ROM and enables BIOS operation.

Memory bus connects the CPU to the system

A

Main Memory

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27
Q

Hard Disk Drives, Flash Drives, CDs, DVDs, magnetic tapes/discs
- can be available online of offline

Expansion cards enhance functionality of the computer (increased memory, better sounds and graphics, etc)

A

Secondary Data Storage

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28
Q

a device that is attached to the computer in some way and is NOT part of the system architecture but provides input or output functions

A

Peripheral Device

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29
Q

input device to communicate with the CPU using symbols, letters, numbers, and punctuation

A

Keyboard (input)

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30
Q

displays various messages, especially info entered through keyboard and can retrieve info stored in memory

A

Monitor (output)

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31
Q

operates by moving around flat surface to access files or items displayed on the monitor

A

Mouse (input)

32
Q

Need to check specifications when software fails it is usually one of the following issues:

1) computer cannot properly install software
2) error occurs during software installations
3) program cannot load or error occurs during program load

A

Selection and Maintenance ofSoftware

33
Q

make sure it is compatible. Some devices are easy to install and other that go inside the computer are more difficult.

A

Selection and Maintenance of Hardware

34
Q

shows continuous movement of a point across a surface: (length, thickness, direction)

A

Line

35
Q

describes any area allocated for a certain task: (background, foreground, middle ground) can be either positive space (occupied by and object) OR negative space (space between objects)

the area differentiates itself from surroundings due to a boundary or variations in color, value, or texture

A

Space

36
Q

quality of aesthetic balance or proportionality in an object

A

Symmetry

37
Q

technique of creating, arranging, and modifying letters

A

Typography

38
Q

the arrangement and treatments of elements on a page

grid - not set or in form
(template - very specific arrangement)

A

Layout

39
Q

grid of pixels 16.7 million different color variations

A

Joint Photographic Expert Group (JPEG)

40
Q

scanned photographs

A

Tagged Image File Format (TIFF)

41
Q

graph and graphics files

A

Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)

42
Q

digital videos and animation

A

Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG)

43
Q

interactive video system

A

Digital Video Interactive (DVI)

44
Q

perception of a surface quality

A

Texture

45
Q

light and dark contrasts to create depth and perception

A

Value aka Tone

46
Q

height, width, and depth

A

Form

47
Q

element relative to other elements in the same picture or drawing

A

Proportion

48
Q

process of modifying images (vector graphics, raster graphics, 3D modelers)

A

Image Editing

49
Q

frame grabber

A

Image Capture

50
Q

reducing number of bits necessary to store a digital image

A

Image Compression

51
Q

moving an image from one storage medium such as a photo to another suck as a computer disk

A

Image Transfer

52
Q

taking parts of multiple, preexisting images, and rearranging them to create a new image

A

Image Assembly

53
Q

WYSIWYG (what you see is what you get) for creating documents

A

Desktop Publishing Software

54
Q

consists of hypertext and hypermedia. Hypertext markup language (HTML) is how documents are structures for the World Wide Web

A

Wed Page Development Software

55
Q

freehand drawing often used by architects. Drawing made by instrument, involves a drawing board, uses the T-Square to draw angles as set squares and triangles. Allows use of a compass, French curves, and other drawing shapes and arcs.

A

Sketch

56
Q

1) Visible Lines - continuous lines that represent edged and visible when viewed from certain angle
2) Hidden Lines - short dashed and not seen from certain angles
3) Center Lines - alternating long and short dashes, represent axis of circular component
4) Cutting Plane Lines -medium dashes or thick lines consisting of alternating ling and double short dashes used for section views
5) Section / Cross-Hatching - represent surface which have cut into section views
6) Phantom Lines - thin lines consisting of long and double short dashed, represent an object not included in assemble or part specifications

A

Drafting

57
Q

taking printed text and copying into electronic format

A

Scanners

58
Q

taking out tasks the were once only performed in print shops

A

Printers

59
Q

ideal for high resolution editing and documents

A

Vector Graphics Editor

60
Q
  • design tools, machinery, all types of buildings
  • create detailed engineering drawling or models
  • helps reduce product development costs and decrease design cycle time
A

Computer-Aided Design (CAD)

61
Q

Two Types: Three and Two Dimensional

Two Sets: Working drawings( manufacturing phase) & Assembly Drawing (how to put together)

  • Section Views - imaginary plane that cuts through an object
  • Auxiliary Views - any surface that does not line up with the three major axis
  • Pattern View - shows size and shape of two-dimensional object that will be folded into a 3D object
  • **Exploded Views & Multiviews **
A

Technical Drawings

62
Q

orthographic projection - represents 3D object on a 2D surface.

1st angle - interior surfaces
2nd angle - exterior surfaces

A

Multiview

63
Q

relationships between the various components and order of assembly. Should start with the components nearest the center of the drawing and work outwards.

A

Exploded View

64
Q

Include floor plans, site plans, elevations, cross sections, isometric projections, axonometric projections, and detail drawings.

  • Presentation - explains the plan and identifies advantages
  • Survey - represents the land, structures, and buildings
  • Record - includes past architectural influence on the current design
  • Working - comprehensive set of all drawings (location, assembly, components, engineering)
A

Architectural Drawing

65
Q

convey all critical information on a product

A

Engineering Drawings

66
Q

transmit data through modulation and variation in the amplitude, frequency, and phases

A

Radio Waves

67
Q

generally shorter than radio waves, low intensity levels in Wi-Fi networks and higher intensity level in ovens

A

Microwaves

68
Q

used in high altitude telecommunications between satellites and airplanes (shorter than microwaves and longer than infrared)

A

Terahertz Radiation

69
Q

used for remote control signals and short distance communication (generally longer than terahertz radiation)

A

Infrared Radiation

70
Q

Only human eyes can see. Optical fiber can convoy sound or image information

A

Visible Light Spectrum

71
Q

3D object in a 2D flat piece of paper

  • orthographic projection
  • Isometric projection
  • Oblique projection
A

Parallel Projection Views

72
Q

express the limits on a particular characteristic

A

Tolerance

73
Q

convey the required size of the product or material that is represented in the technical drawing

written in language known as Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerencing (GD&T)

A

Dimensions

74
Q

requirements that the product or material is supposed to fulfull

A

Specifications

75
Q

the ratio at which the object in the drawing corresponds to the product in real life

A

Scale

76
Q

ensures data integrity and who can access the database

6 YPES: hierarchical, network, relational, distributed, object-oriented, hypermedia

A

Databese Managements System (DBMS)

Tech Praxis (4 decks)

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