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Information Systems > Technical Architecture > Flashcards

Technical Architecture Flashcards

1
Q

What is technical architecture

A

Describes the systems and network components that make up a distributed system

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2
Q

What components are in technical architecture

A

Hardware and software

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3
Q

What else is considered by technical architecture?

A
  • Relationships between components
  • NFRs
  • Software configurations
  • Data storage configurations
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4
Q

Give examples of NFRs

A

Reliability
Scalability
Security

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5
Q

What’s the point of a technical architecture?

A
  • Understand how software and hardware fit together
  • Assess what standards are appropriate
  • Determine tradeoffs
  • Identify where systems need to integrate
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6
Q

Examples of software components

A

Data storage
Data acccess logic
Application logic
Presentation logic

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7
Q

Examples of hardware components

A

Clients (computers, tablets,)
Servers (mainframes, VMs)
Networks (LAN, WAN)

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8
Q

What is server-based architecutre

A

Server performs all four software components.

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9
Q

What is clients-based architecture

A

Clients do most activity.

A server stores data.

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10
Q

What is good about client-based architecture?

A

It’s simple to develop

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11
Q

What is bad about client-based architecture?

A

Easy to overload a client

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12
Q

What dependencies exist with client-based architecture?

A

You need a good network and powerful enough client.

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13
Q

The main architecture of most modern systems

A

Client-Server architecture

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14
Q

What can client-server do at little cost?

A

Scale

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15
Q

What does a thin client do?

A

presentaton logic

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16
Q

What does a thick client do?

A

Application and presentation logic

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17
Q

What is one requirement of client-server architecture?

A

Applications must be written for both client and server

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18
Q

What does a client-server tier define?

A

They define how logic is partitioned

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19
Q

What is a 2-tier client-server?

A

one server = data stroage and access.

client = responsible for application and presentation logic

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20
Q

What is a 3-tier client-server

A

one server = data stoage and access
second server = application logic
client = responsible for application and presentation logic

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21
Q

what does n-tier define?

A

application logic split among two servers, data logic on another

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22
Q

where is n-tier common?

A

e-commerce

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23
Q

why is n-tier good?

A

good load balancing

scalable

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24
Q

why is n-tier bad?

A

places heavy load on network

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25
Q

Cost of infastructure: server

A

very high

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26
Q

Cost of infastructure: client

A

medium

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27
Q

Cost of infastructure: client-server

A

low

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28
Q

Cost of development: server

A

low

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29
Q

cost of development: client-server

A

high

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30
Q

ease of development: server

A

low

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31
Q

ease of development: client-based

A

high

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32
Q

ease of development: client-server

A

low-medium

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33
Q

interface capability: server

A

low

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34
Q

interface capability: client

A

high

35
Q

interface capability: client-server

A

high

36
Q

control and security: server

A

high

37
Q

control and security: client

A

low

38
Q

control and security: client-server

A

medium

39
Q

scalability: server

A

low

40
Q

scalability: client

A

medium

41
Q

scalability: client-server

A

high

42
Q

Define service

A

a discrete unit of functionality.

it can be accessed remotely.

43
Q

define service orientated architecture

A

style of software design
services provided by application components
communication over a network

44
Q

define infastructure as a service

A

virtuliaed computing resources provided online (AWS, Azure)

45
Q

define platform as a service

A

resources and tools provided over the internet

46
Q

define software as a service

A

software applications provided over the internet (Gmail)

47
Q

define business as a service

A

complete business process provided over internet (billing, complaint management)

48
Q

What is IaaS

A

infastructure as a service

49
Q

What is SaaS

A

Software as a service

50
Q

What is PaaS

A

platform as a service

51
Q

What is BaaS

A

Business as a service

52
Q

What does the cloud include

A

a data centre
a service provided by vendor
virtual servers
dark centres

53
Q

what is a dark centre

A

fully automated operation

54
Q

How is IT treated by cloud computing

A

as a commodity
client is desktop
server is in the cloud

55
Q

Infastructure design has what components

A

Network
Hardware
Operating Systems
Storage

56
Q

Infastructure has two adjective properties:

A

Resilience

Security

57
Q

What does network design contain?

A

all major components

58
Q

What’s the point of network design?

A

Illustrate how system components fit together

59
Q

What is typical structure of network

A

in-house and external networks

60
Q

What does storage design contain?

A

Cables
Host bus adapters
Switches

61
Q

What types of storage are considered in storage design

A

tape arrays
disk arrays
other storage devices

62
Q

what’s the point of storage design?

A

to provide fast, efficent, secure, resilient data

63
Q

Give examples of technical environment requirements

A

system will need to work on a certain bowser

system will need to be ‘always-on’

64
Q

Give examples of system integration requirements

A

the system must be able to import and export excel spreadsheets

the system will read and write to the main invetory database

65
Q

Give examples of portability requirements

A

the system must be able to work on windows and mac

66
Q

Give examples of maintainablity requirements

A

new version of the system will be released every six months

67
Q

give four operational requirements

A

technical environment requirements
system integration requirements
portability requirements
maintainability requirements

68
Q

give three performance requirements

A

speed requirements
capacity requirements
availability and reliability requirements

69
Q

Give examples of speed requirements

A

response time from network must be less than 7 seconeds

70
Q

give examples of capacity requirements

A

there will be a maximum of 100 users simultaneously

71
Q

give examples of availability and reliability requirements

A

scheduled maintenance shall not exceed one 6 hour period each month

72
Q

Give 4 security requirements examples

A

system value
access control
encryption and authentication
virus control

73
Q

give a system value requirements example

A

a complete loss of all data will cost this much money

74
Q

give an access control example

A

only managers being able to share something in their department

75
Q

give an encryption example

A

user logging in outside of building will be blocked

76
Q

give virus control example

A

all uploaded files will be checked

77
Q

What is Green IT

A

looking at reducing environmental impact of IT

78
Q

3 things that contribute to IT waste

A

Disposing of toxic materials in computers
Energy consumption
PAper

79
Q

What cultural and political bits could come into play with technical architecture?

A

Language differences

Centralised vs local

80
Q

What legal implications could come up in technical architecture?

A

Laws and governments.

Consider data storage depending on the country.

81
Q

what are the four types of testing?

A

unit
integration
system
UAT

82
Q

what is black box testing?

A

functional testing

83
Q

what is white box testing?

A

the INTERNAL workings

Information Systems (14 decks)

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