Technical Architecture Flashcards
What is technical architecture
Describes the systems and network components that make up a distributed system
What components are in technical architecture
Hardware and software
What else is considered by technical architecture?
- Relationships between components
- NFRs
- Software configurations
- Data storage configurations
Give examples of NFRs
Reliability
Scalability
Security
What’s the point of a technical architecture?
- Understand how software and hardware fit together
- Assess what standards are appropriate
- Determine tradeoffs
- Identify where systems need to integrate
Examples of software components
Data storage
Data acccess logic
Application logic
Presentation logic
Examples of hardware components
Clients (computers, tablets,)
Servers (mainframes, VMs)
Networks (LAN, WAN)
What is server-based architecutre
Server performs all four software components.
What is clients-based architecture
Clients do most activity.
A server stores data.
What is good about client-based architecture?
It’s simple to develop
What is bad about client-based architecture?
Easy to overload a client
What dependencies exist with client-based architecture?
You need a good network and powerful enough client.
The main architecture of most modern systems
Client-Server architecture
What can client-server do at little cost?
Scale
What does a thin client do?
presentaton logic
What does a thick client do?
Application and presentation logic
What is one requirement of client-server architecture?
Applications must be written for both client and server
What does a client-server tier define?
They define how logic is partitioned
What is a 2-tier client-server?
one server = data stroage and access.
client = responsible for application and presentation logic
What is a 3-tier client-server
one server = data stoage and access
second server = application logic
client = responsible for application and presentation logic
what does n-tier define?
application logic split among two servers, data logic on another
where is n-tier common?
e-commerce
why is n-tier good?
good load balancing
scalable
why is n-tier bad?
places heavy load on network
Cost of infastructure: server
very high
Cost of infastructure: client
medium
Cost of infastructure: client-server
low
Cost of development: server
low
cost of development: client-server
high
ease of development: server
low
ease of development: client-based
high
ease of development: client-server
low-medium
interface capability: server
low
interface capability: client
high
interface capability: client-server
high
control and security: server
high
control and security: client
low
control and security: client-server
medium
scalability: server
low
scalability: client
medium
scalability: client-server
high
Define service
a discrete unit of functionality.
it can be accessed remotely.
define service orientated architecture
style of software design
services provided by application components
communication over a network
define infastructure as a service
virtuliaed computing resources provided online (AWS, Azure)
define platform as a service
resources and tools provided over the internet
define software as a service
software applications provided over the internet (Gmail)
define business as a service
complete business process provided over internet (billing, complaint management)
What is IaaS
infastructure as a service
What is SaaS
Software as a service
What is PaaS
platform as a service
What is BaaS
Business as a service
What does the cloud include
a data centre
a service provided by vendor
virtual servers
dark centres
what is a dark centre
fully automated operation
How is IT treated by cloud computing
as a commodity
client is desktop
server is in the cloud
Infastructure design has what components
Network
Hardware
Operating Systems
Storage
Infastructure has two adjective properties:
Resilience
Security
What does network design contain?
all major components
What’s the point of network design?
Illustrate how system components fit together
What is typical structure of network
in-house and external networks
What does storage design contain?
Cables
Host bus adapters
Switches
What types of storage are considered in storage design
tape arrays
disk arrays
other storage devices
what’s the point of storage design?
to provide fast, efficent, secure, resilient data
Give examples of technical environment requirements
system will need to work on a certain bowser
system will need to be ‘always-on’
Give examples of system integration requirements
the system must be able to import and export excel spreadsheets
the system will read and write to the main invetory database
Give examples of portability requirements
the system must be able to work on windows and mac
Give examples of maintainablity requirements
new version of the system will be released every six months
give four operational requirements
technical environment requirements
system integration requirements
portability requirements
maintainability requirements
give three performance requirements
speed requirements
capacity requirements
availability and reliability requirements
Give examples of speed requirements
response time from network must be less than 7 seconeds
give examples of capacity requirements
there will be a maximum of 100 users simultaneously
give examples of availability and reliability requirements
scheduled maintenance shall not exceed one 6 hour period each month
Give 4 security requirements examples
system value
access control
encryption and authentication
virus control
give a system value requirements example
a complete loss of all data will cost this much money
give an access control example
only managers being able to share something in their department
give an encryption example
user logging in outside of building will be blocked
give virus control example
all uploaded files will be checked
What is Green IT
looking at reducing environmental impact of IT
3 things that contribute to IT waste
Disposing of toxic materials in computers
Energy consumption
PAper
What cultural and political bits could come into play with technical architecture?
Language differences
Centralised vs local
What legal implications could come up in technical architecture?
Laws and governments.
Consider data storage depending on the country.
what are the four types of testing?
unit
integration
system
UAT
what is black box testing?
functional testing
what is white box testing?
the INTERNAL workings
