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Information Systems > Methodologies > Flashcards

Methodologies Flashcards

1
Q

What is a methodology?

A

A formalised system used when undertaking a project or plan.

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2
Q

Why do you need a formal process?

A

Too many failures
Systems not intuitive
Projects often late, over budget

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3
Q

What are the stages of the SDLC?

A

Plan
Analyse
Development
Implement

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4
Q

What does the planning stage attempt to answer?

A

Why should we build this system

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5
Q

What two boxes are in the planning phase?

A

Project initiation

Project management

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6
Q

What two things does the analysis stage attempt to answer?

A

What should the system do

Where and when will it be built

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7
Q

What three things are included in analysis stage

A

Analysis strategy
Gathering requirements
Developing a business proposal

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8
Q

What does the design system address?

A

How the system will be built

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9
Q

What three things are included in the design stage

A

Design strategy
Designing architecture
Designing database, file storage etc

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10
Q

What’s included in implement stage?

A

Construction stage
Installation stage
Support

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11
Q

Give two examples of structured design methodologies

A

Waterfall

Parallel

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12
Q

Give two examples of rapid application development

A

Phased

Throwaway prototyping

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13
Q

Give two examples of Agile development

A

Scrum

extreme programming

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14
Q

In what ways could parallel development be said to be similar to waterfall?

A

Despite the subprojects, there’s a linearity to the processes. The final product is rarely, if ever, iterated upon. Or at least it’s not considered in the main idea.

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15
Q

What four things led to the object orientated paradigm?

A

Event-driven programs
GUI interfaces
Complexity of programmes
Growing desire to link business and computer processes

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16
Q

OOAD is four things. What are those four things?

A

Use-case driven
Architecture centric
Iterative
Incremental

17
Q

What does it mean to be use-case driven?

A

The ability to describe a single business process

Together, use cases define the system

18
Q

What does it mean to be architecture-driven?

A

Taking a functional view of the user
Thinking of architecture in terms of classes and objects
Thinking about dynamic view: communication between objects

19
Q

What does it mean to be incremental?

A

Lots of iterations

Iterations are time-boxed

20
Q

List four reasons why object orientated design is good

A

Code can be reused
Code can be safe (encapsulation)
Extensive planning
Software is maintainable.

21
Q

List four reasons why object orientated design is bad

A

The idea of code being reusable is usually not borne out in practice
The emphasis on design can mean sleek computation is difficult to achieve (not performant)
Typically, OOP code takes time to compile and is less efficient than its rivals.

22
Q

What’s the derogatory line said of oop?

A

You wanted the banana but got a gorilla with a forest and a banana

23
Q

What does UML stand for?

A

Unified Modelling Language

24
Q

Name four things UML does not consider

A

Budgets
Staffing
Operations
Support

25
Q

Name the 5 ways a process be orientated?

A 
Process
data
object orientated
structured
agile
26
Q

What are the four tenants of Agile

A

Individuals and interactions
Working software
Customer collaboration
Responding to change.

27
Q

What are the three Agile goals?

A

Value
Quality
Constraint

28
Q

What are the three Waterfall goals?

A

Time
Cost
Scope

29
Q

What is DSDM?

A

Dyanmic systems development.

An offshoot of Agile.

30
Q

Give 4 objectives of DSDM?

A

Aims at the right solution
Looks at timing
Consistent involvement of stakeholders
No quality compromise

31
Q

What are features subject to in the DSDM model?

A 
MoSCow. 
Must have
Should have
Could have
Would have
32
Q

Name 6 SCRUM principles?

A 
Observation and experimentation
Self organisation
Collaboration
Value-based prioritisation
Timeboxing
Iterative
33
Q

What are the roles in traditional development

A

Business analyst
Project manager
Systems analyst
Technical architect

34
Q

What are the roles in Agile?

A

Developer
Scrummaster
Product owner

Information Systems (14 decks)

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