Technical - All Flashcards
Tender Analysis Process - considerations?
Quantitative - Price (lowest tender); Qualitative - client’s needs/priorities exc price. Most Economically Advantageous Tender (MEAT).
Price; experience; understanding requirements; past performance; technical skills; resource available; management skills/systems; methodology eg mobilisation, design proposalsk compliance with requirements.
Pre-Start Meeting Process (Pre-Contract Meeting) Considerations?
Refer to document lists flashcards
Initial project team meeting:
Plan construction stage.
Exchange contact details.
Establish lines of communication.
Future meeting schedule:
Determine frequency and structure.
Discuss handover of outstanding documents.
Outstanding information:
Issue variations since contract award.
Discuss program adjustments.
Incorporation of other works:
Address works outside the contract.
Plan inspections and testing.
Project team roles:
Clarify responsibilities.
Establish information procedures.
Site access:
Agree on access procedures.
Review contractor’s procurement and mobilization schedules.
Difference between Preliminaries and Preambles?
Preliminaries - description of a project allowing contractor to assess costs which whilst do not form a part of any work package are required by the method and circumstances of the works eg subcontracting; approvals; testing; completion procedures.
Preambles - Explanation of a document, specificaitons and BoQ. Helps with interpretation eg parties of the contract; background; objectives, etc (and the contract itself?).
Normalisation of Tender Returns?
Better definition in other flash card.
Using average of submitted costs for each work item; Using highest/lowest price for each work item, and scaling prices accordingly (individual comparison).
Measured Term Contracts?
Use by employers with regular flow of works; like to be carried out by single contractor over specified time (usually 12-36 months).
Features: works separated in ‘Orders’; properties listed; types of work; employer estimates work cost (whole, say, 36 month term); CA appointed by employer; price based on measurement and valuation of each order according to an agreed SoR.
Partnering Framework?
Partnering:
Collaborative and open approach.
Suitable for large, long-term, or high-risk projects.
Pinsent Masons’ view:
Facilitates mutual value.
Flexible, behavior-based approach.
SHIFTS RELATIONSHIP DYNAMICS TOWARD EQUALITY.
Legal considerations:
Can be binding or non-binding.
Clear documentation essential to reflect intent accurately.
Sourcing Potential Tenderers?
Recommended by Client/; Company knowledge of contractors from previous projects who may be capable; Other?
Pre-Qualification Process?
Pre-Qualification Process:
Assesses experience, capacity, financial standing.
Focuses on simplicity and relevance.
Example Questions:
Company details, legal status.
Insurance, financial info.
Experience, technical ability.
Health & Safety, quality assurance policies.
Environmental, equal opportunities policies.
Relevant references.
Effective Cost Management?
Considering unique characteristics of project
eg Many variations: weekly cost updates; risk; actions. Many properties: must be included all correspondences; pre-prepared variation documentation submitted so that expedited cost implications quickly and accurately inform the AFA.
Economic Conditions Affecting Costs?
National and international eg interest rates; material shortages; import tariffs; national/internation crisis eg Covid, Ukraine; new laws/regulations, …
Preliminaries?
list of items: staff; welfare provisions; site offices; plant; site waste clearance; water; electricity; furniture; ICT; consumables; rates; protection fo work; clothing; site transport; setting out; building control fees; …
OHP, Overheads, Prelims?
OHP - items/factors - paid ongoing basis; fixed; rent; variable: delivery; utility charges.
Overheads - costs of running the company eg property costs; finance; insurances; staff; taxes; advisors; marketing; tendering;….
Prelims - overhead running the site eg site accommodation, insurance,…
Elemental rates at high level?
NRM 1 - Elemental rates can be broken down further into sub-elements.
High-level elemental rates estimate costs in construction projects broadly, covering labor, materials, equipment, and overheads, offering initial project cost estimates.
Difference between Facilitating Works and Enabling Works?
Facilitating works” and “enabling works” both refer to preliminary activities conducted before main construction begins, but they serve slightly different purposes.
Enabling works typically involve preparing the site for construction by clearing vegetation, demolishing existing structures, installing temporary access roads or utilities, and establishing site boundaries. These actions create the necessary infrastructure and conditions for the construction process to commence smoothly.
Facilitating works, on the other hand, encompass activities that directly support the construction process, such as setting up temporary facilities, installing hoardings, establishing site offices, or providing temporary services like electricity or water.
While enabling works focus on site preparation, facilitating works aim to optimize the operational aspects of the construction site, ensuring efficient workflow and safety during the construction phase.
The JCT Tender Practice Note 2017?
Guidance Scope: Covers pre-tender to contract award phases.
Key Considerations: Pre-qualification, invitation, submission, evaluation, and award.
Emphasized Principles: Clarity, transparency, fairness, competitive bidding.
Topics Covered: Pre-qualification, documentation, evaluation, negotiations.
Objective: Achieve value, efficiency, collaboration, successful project delivery under JCT contracts.
Examples of CDP works?
Specialized design elements not fully specified in the employer’s requirements, such as
- bespoke finishes,
- structural modifications,
- mechanical and electrical systems design, and
- temporary works.
Examples of Defined Provisional Sums?
Defined Provisional Sums in a JCT contract typically cover anticipated costs for items with uncertain quantities or specifications at the contract stage.
Examples include
- groundworks for unforeseen conditions,
- allowances for client-selected items yet to be finalized, or
- provisional quantities for variations expected during construction.
Planning conditions and Building Regulations approval?
Planning Conditions:
Imposed by local planning authorities.
Mitigate development impact.
Include landscaping, noise, and archaeological surveys.
Building Regulations Approval:
Ensures national standards compliance.
Covers health, safety, and sustainability.
Obtained from building control authority or approved inspector.
What is Subsidence?
Subsidence refers to the gradual sinking or settling of the ground beneath a building, leading to structural damage such as cracks in walls and foundations. It can result from factors like soil shrinkage, water movement, or nearby tree roots.
Difference between Employer’s Agent and Contract Administrator?
Employer’s Agent acts on behalf of the employer to administer the works, manage contracts, and oversee project delivery. Their role is akin to a project manager, coordinating between the employer, contractor, and design team.
This differs from the Contract Administrator in the JCT Standard Contract, who primarily administers the contract between the employer and contractor, certifies payments, and issues instructions and certificates related to variations and completion.
Monte Carlo Simulation?
Monte Carlo Simulation:
Assesses risk in construction projects.
Generates scenarios based on uncertain variables.
Calculates probability distribution of outcomes.
Construction Cost Uncertainty:
Input material prices, labor rates, project duration.
Predicts range of project costs.
Helps allocate contingency budgets.
Other Considered Variables:
Project duration, resource availability, productivity.
Weather, regulations, market conditions.
Incorporates delays, disruptions for comprehensive risk management.
Typical items within a building that usually come with a warranty after installation include?
Roofing Materials:
Cover defects, leaks, damage.
Specified period.
HVAC Systems:
Warranties cover parts, labor.
Ensure functionality, performance.
Windows and Doors:
Warranties for defects, functionality.
Energy efficiency guarantees.
Plumbing Fixtures:
Cover defects, malfunctions.
Ensure functionality, water-tightness.
Electrical Systems:
Cover defects, safety compliance.
Include wiring, outlets, switches.
Flooring Materials:
Warranties cover defects, wear, damage.
Include carpet, hardwood, laminate, tile.
Appliances:
Warranties for parts, labor.
Ensure proper functionality.
Tpical duration periods, by range, for warranties?
Roofing Materials:
Asphalt shingles: 10-30 years.
Metal roofing: 20-50 years.
Premium materials: Longer.
HVAC Systems:
Parts: 5-10 years.
Labor: 1-2 years.
Some offer extended coverage.
Windows and Doors:
5-20 years.
Material-dependent.
Cover defects, workmanship.
Plumbing Fixtures:
1-10 years.
Brand, type dependent.
Cover defects, malfunctions.
Electrical Systems:
1-5 years.
Cover materials, workmanship.
Flooring Materials:
5-25 years.
Residential applications.
Cover defects, wear, damage.
Appliances:
1-5 years.
Cover parts, labor.
Some offer extended coverage.
Design Development Risks?
Unclear project brief.
Ambiguous team responsibilities.
Unrealistic design schedule.
Poor quality control.
Insufficient site investigation.
Planning constraints.
Data reliability.
Design appropriateness.
Novelty degree.
Coordination issues.
Area schedule reliability.
Estimating data accuracy.
Provisional sums uncertainty.
