Tech Block 1 Flashcards
- Definition of V1? Must be less/greater than?
o V1 must be greater than or equal to Vmcg
o V1 must be less than or equal to Vr
o V1 must be less than or equal to Vmbe
o V1 = The speed on which from a balanced field takeoff it is possible to either reject the takeoff and stop within the available stopping distance or to continue after engine failure and clear a screen height of 35 feet at the end of the surface available. In effect V1 is a “go speed”.
- Definition of V2 (must be greater/equal to?)
o V2 must be greater than or equal to 1.2 Vs
o V2 must be greater than or equal to 1.1 Vmca
o V2 is the take-off safety speed or initial target climb speed. It is the speed to be attained at or before 35’ following an engine failure to ensure climb gradients are achieved and hence obstacles are cleared by the required margins.
- Definition of Vmca
o The minimum airspeed at which, when sudden and complete failure of the critical engine occurs at that speed, it is possible to recover the airplane with that engine still inoperative and maintain it in straight flight at that speed, either with zero yaw or with an angle of bank not in excess of 5 degrees.
o Must be greater than or equal to 1.2 Vs (with undercarriage retracted and flaps in take off position).
- Definition of Vmcg
o Is the minimum speed on the ground during the take off run, at which it is possible to recover control of the aircraft with the use of the primary aerodynamic controls and the take off can be continued safely, when the critcal engine suddenly becomes inoperative, with the remaining engines at take off thrust.
- Definition of Va
o Design Manoeuvring Speed, the maximum speed at which application of full available rudder, aileron or elevator will not overstress the aircraft.
- Performance Group A
o Capable of continuing a flight in IMC after failure of a critical engine at speed V1 and proceeding to a suitable aerodrome and landing.
o All multi-engine turbo-jet and all multi-engine turbo-prop with more than 9 seats or with MTOW > 5,700kg
- Definition of runway
o Defined rectangular area for take off and landing run of aircraft.
- Definition of stopway
o Clear area immediately beyond the runway and at least as wide, capable of supporting aircraft for braking.
- Definition of clearway
o Clear area immediately beyond the runway over which aircraft may fly at a height of 35 ft. Can include stopway.
- What is ASDA?
o Accelerate Stop Distance Available is the combined distance of runway and stop-way.
- What is TODA?
o Take off distance available, is the runway and clearway. Clearway includes stopway.
- What is A Balanced Field?
Is when TODR = ASDR i.e. when the clearway is the same as the stopway.
- How is ASDA calculated (time to react)?
o Distance to accelerate to V1 - 1 second recognition - 2 second transition phase - distance to bring aircraft to stop. Engine failure occurs prior to V1, as your decision should have been made by V1.
- What is take off run required TORR?
o Is the distance required to accelerate to V1, engine fail, continue to midway between Vlof and 35ft point.
o Or 115% of distance to reach to point midway between lift off and 35ft point (all engines), whichever is greater.
- What is the take off distance required (TODR)?
o The distance required to accelerate to V1, engine fail, continue climb to 35 ft. (15ft wet)
o Or 115% of the distance to reach 35ft point (all engines), whichever is greater.
- Vlof is limited by?
o Speed at actual lift off is limited by:
o Max tyre speed / Vmbe
- State the climb requirements for each segment
o 1st segment, 35ft to gear retracted (+ve ROC)
o 2nd segment, end of 1st segment to 400ft or higher flap retract height, at V2 (2.4% climb gradient required)
o 3rd segment, end of second segment, level acceleration to final climb speed (1.2% climb gradient capability required)
o 4th segment, end of 3rd segment to 1500ft, at or greater than 1.25 Vs (1.2% min climb gradient required).
- The net take off flight path is deemed to end when..
o the aircraft passes 1500ft
