Tech Flashcards
What’s the 2 main categories of wood?
Softwood, Hardwood
What’s properties of wood?
Durability, Stable, Toughness
What’s advantages of wood?
Can be recycled, Sustainable Material, Uniquely aesthetic
Whats disadvantages of wood?
Unwanted characteristics ie bowing, crooking, warping etc
Where do hardwood come from and examples of them are?
Deciduous trees
Remember BOAM
Where do softwoods come from and examples of them are?
Coniferous trees
Pine, Spruce, Cedar, Douglas Fir
What’s manufactured board made from?
Pulp, blocks, chips or strips
What’s good about Manufactured board?
Mostly inexpensive, bought in large sheets, have a flat surface ideal for smooth finish
What is plastic?
A synthetic material
What’s the properties of plastic?
Brittle, Flexible, Strength
What’s advantages of plastics?
Recyclability, Corrosion resistant, Easy to shape/mould
Whats disadvantages of Plastics?
Dust can be dangerous to inhale
Surfaces of certain plastics can scratch easily
What’s the 2 categories of plastic?
Thermoplastic, Thermosetting plastics
Describe thermoplastics?
They soften when heated and can be shaped and then harden as they cool, That process can be repeated over and over again as thermoplastics have plastic memory
Describe Thermosetting plastics?
When thermosetting plastics harden they cannot be reheated and reshaped
Usually used for products that need to withstand high temperatures
What’s the properties of metals?
Brittle, Durable, strength
Advantages of metals?
They can take a range of finishes from painting, oiling and polishing to plastic dip coating & electroplating
What’s disadvantages of metals?
Ferrous metals are prone to rusting
A finish will require maintenance
Metals are a finite resource
Describe ferrous metals?
Refers to any metal that contains iron
They rust over time with continued exposure to moisture and oxygen
They are magnetoc due to iron compound
Describe Non ferrous metals?
Contains no iron
Referred as pure metals
Not magnetic
Corrosion resistant
Can tarnish
What’s metal alloys?
When 2 or more metals are combined to create a new material
Ferrous alloys are produced to make iron more practical material
This can be done to make metals more asthetically pleasing
What’s an open brief?
When the designer has more creative control over the product
What’s a closed brief?
When the design has fine margins dosen’t have a lot of creative control
What’s a specification?
What the product your design must contains/ be able to do
What’s the primary function?
What the product has been designed mostly to do
What’s the secondary function?
What else a product can do
What’s Asthetics?
The study of beauty
Aesthetically pleasing products appeal to all of our senses
What’s the 3 categories of ergonomics?
Anthropometrics, Phsiology, Psychology
What’s ergonomics?
Study of how humans interact with everyday products
What’s Anthropometrics?
Practice of taking measurements of the human body and provided categorised data that the designer can use
What’s the percentile graph called?
The bell curve
What’s psychology?
The study of human mind and behaviour
What’s phsiology?
The area of ergonomics that deal with the physical capabilities, strength and limitations of the human body
What’s a user trip?
A research activity a designer can do on an existing product
What’s good about a questionnaire?
Fast efficient, can be given to large groups, can ask very specific questions, result can be put into graphs/charts
What’s idea generation techniques?
Brainstorming, Morphological analysis & mood boards
What’s sketch modelling?
Simple physical models that are easy to make
Made from low cost materials
What’s block modelling?
Commonly used to communicate and develop the form, dimensions and surface details of the product
What’s benefits of 3D computer modelling?
Reduced tooling costs/speeds up development stage.
Appropriate colours, materials, light sources can be added to make the product look realistic
Computer models can be seen in 360* view
What’s technology push?
Describes how a product comes to the market based on new technologies, materials, manufacturing methods
What’s market pull?
Describes consumer demand for a product
Companies produce more products based on needs/wants of the consumer
What’s the process of injection moulding?
Plastics are heated until molten
A screw passes plastic through a heater to soften the plastic
Plastics then injected into mould
Remove the mould
What’s rotational moulding?
Used to produce large hollow plastic products
What’s the process of rotational moulding?
Plastic powder is weighted and placed into the mould
2 halved of mould are then joined together and sealed
Describe vaccum forming?
Mould placed in bottom of vaccum former
Sheet of plastic is placed above mould
Mould is brung up and use vaccum switch to remove air and create mould
Remove the vac to introduce air then drop the bed back down
What’s die casting?
Process that allows manufacture to form metal into complex designs with high degree of accuracy
What’s identifying features of die casting?
Intricate detail
Sprue marks
Ejector pin marks
What’s identifying features of sand casting?
Fettle marks, rough surface, tapered/filleted edges, marks where runner and riser have been
What products are made from sand casting?
Parasol bases, anchors, pipe fittings, machine/engine parts
What materials are used in sand casting?
Zinc aluminium bronze brass as they have low mp
What materials are used in die casting
Zinc aluminium magnesium brass as they are metals/alloys with low melting points
Describe standard components?
Known as knock down fittings
Used in flat-pack furniture
Make the manufacture of a product easier
Make it easy to get replacement parts
What’s impact on society?
Impact of design & manufacture technologies
What can changes to the workforce lead to?
Loss of specialist craft skills
Unstable jobs
Increased unemployment
Closure of factories
Decline of industrial towns
Why has there been a rise in consumerism?
Due to increased global population & the introduction and availability of affordable products
Explain designer/manufacturers responsibilities?
They have a responsibility towards the environment especially for mass manufactured products
What recommendations should designers make?
Using alternative materials can be recycled
Reducing volume of material
Reducing the number of parts/ components
What are examples of non-ferrous metals?
Aluminium, copper, tin, titanium, zinc
What are example of ferrous metals?
Iron, mild steel, stainless steel
What are examples of thermoplastics?
Polypropylene, Polystyrene, Acrylic, Nylon
What are examples of thermosetting plastics?
Epoxy Resin, Fibreglass, Melamine Formaldehyde
How do you prep a blank on wood turning lathe?
Mark diagonals w steel rule
Cut one end w tenon saw hole punch the other
Mark corners w marking gauge
Plane the corners till octagon shape
What do you use to make pilot holes in wood?
Hand Drill
Why might wax be used instead of varnish when applying to wood?
Applied quicker using a cloth
Gives an alternative aesthetic quality
Why might a former be used to make bowls from acrylic?
To make sure the bowls are identical
Quicker when making more than one
Why mite a specification be used during development?
To give guidance during design process
Used as an ongoing evaluation tool
Why might you use computer generated graphics during development?
Suitable to show client
Dosen’t use materials like physical ones
Alterations can be made quickly
