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TEAS > TEAS- science pt 3 > Flashcards

TEAS- science pt 3 Flashcards

1
Q

biceps femoris is the anatomical name for the

A

hamstring

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2
Q

type of muscle tissue that are narrow and have only one nucleus

A

smooth muscle tissue

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3
Q

byproducts of bacterial processing of chyme in the colon (LI)

A

vitamin K
B12
thiamine
riboflavin

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4
Q

appendix is attached to the

A

cecum

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5
Q

striated muscles attach to

A

bones

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6
Q

which gland secretes saliva

A

parotid

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7
Q

ureters move urine to the bladder from the

A

renal pelvis

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8
Q

control and coordinate complex muscle activities

-maintain posture and balance

A

cerebellum

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9
Q

rhombencephalon (hindbrain) consists of

A

cerebellum
medulla oblongata
pons

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10
Q

below hypothalamus and controlled by it

-hormone=melatonin

A

pineal gland

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11
Q

under thalamus

-hunger, thirst, body temp, blood pressure, production of hormones

A

hypothalamus

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12
Q

route sensory organs to cerebral cortex

-located around 3rd ventricle of brain

A

thalamus

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13
Q

proscencephalon includes

A

cerebrum

diencephalon

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14
Q

diencephalon includes

A

thalamus
hypothalamus
pineal gland

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15
Q

outermost and largest part of brain

A

cerebrum

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16
Q

consists mostly of myelinated neurons

A

white matter

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17
Q

consists mostly of interneurons that are unmyelinated

A

gray matter

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18
Q

long, thin, and extend from soma

A

axon

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19
Q

small, treelike structure that extend from soma

A

dendrite

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20
Q

part of nervous system responsible for processing and storing information, as well as deciding on appropriate action and issuing commands

A

central nervous system

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21
Q

responsible for gathering information and transporting it

A

peripheral nervous system

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22
Q

fight or flight

-emotion, danger, exercise

A

sympathetic nervous system

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23
Q

stimulates activities when body is at rest, digestion, sexual arousal

A

parasympathetic nervous system

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24
Q

cautiously control this part of PNS, includes skeletal muscle

A

somatic nervous system

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25
Q

can’t be cautiously controlled, stimulates smooth and cardiac muscle

A

autonomic nervous system

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26
Q

3 types of autonomic nervous system

A

parasympathetic
sympathetic
enteric

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27
Q

PNS is further divided into

A

somatic

autonomic

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28
Q

part of brain dealing with movement and sensory input

A

cerebrum

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29
Q

3 types of salivary glands

A

sublingual
submandibular
parotid

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30
Q

liver is located in which quadrant

A

RUQ

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31
Q

cricoid cartilage is found on the

A

trachea

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32
Q

reactants in respiration

A

glucose and oxygen

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33
Q

products in respiration

A

carbon dioxide
water
atp

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34
Q

quadriceps include

A

rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius

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35
Q

calf area

A

gastrocnemius

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36
Q

shoulder area

A

deltoid

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37
Q

least common of all granulocytes

A

basophils

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38
Q

most abundant cell type in our blood

A

neutrophils

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39
Q

secreted by posterior pituitary and act on kidney to perserve fluid and electrolyte balance by increasing water reabsorption

A

anti-diuretic

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40
Q

main hormone for regulating mood and feelings of well-being

A

serotonin

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41
Q

secreted by posterior pituitary and triggers childbirth

A

oxytocin

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42
Q

command center of brain

A

hypothalamus

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43
Q

color portion of eye

A

iris

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44
Q

cells responsible for seeing in dim, dark lighting

A

rods

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45
Q

part of eye that converts light into electrical impulses

A

retina

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46
Q

longest muscle in human body

A

sartorius

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47
Q

what does lipase do?

A

breaks down fat into fatty acids and glycerol

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48
Q

largest muscle in the body

A

gluteus maximus

49
Q

area of eye with most acute vision and is comprised only of cones

A

fovea centralis

50
Q

longest bone

A

femur

51
Q

trochanter is attached to

A

upper part of femur

52
Q

ear bones

A

ossicles- stapes, incus, malleus

53
Q

cells found in skin and assist in boosting immune function

A

langerhan cells

54
Q

larynx made out of 3 cartilage structures

A

thyroid
epiglottis
cricoid

55
Q

ring shaped structure that keeps larynx open

A

cricoid cartilage

56
Q

adam’s apple

A

thyroid cartilage

57
Q

larger lung

A

right lung (3 lobes)

58
Q

smaller lung

A

left lung (2 lobes)

59
Q

hangs from base of brain

  • control growth and aspects of sexual functioning
  • growth hormone, fsh, oxytocin, tsh
A

pituitary gland

60
Q

innermost layer of stomach

-secretes digestive enzymes and hydrochloric acid

A

mucosa

61
Q

located around mucosa

  • made of connective tissue
  • nerves and blood vessels
A

submucosa

62
Q

outermost layer of stomach, keeps stomach wet, decreases friction

A

serosa

63
Q

hormone predominantly produced during luteal phase of menstrual cycle

A

progesterone

64
Q

at day 14, ____ released from pituitary which stimulates ovulation and conversion of the follicle corpus luteum

A

LH

65
Q

nonliving part of bone

-made out of water, collagen, protein, calcium, phosphate, and crystals

A

bone matrix

66
Q

topmost layer of bone

  • act as layer of connective tissue
  • contain collagen fibers that anchor tendons
A

periosteum

67
Q

living part of bone found at edges of the bone

-vital part in growth, development, and repair of bones

A

osteocytes

68
Q

gives the bone its strength

A

compact bone

69
Q

layer where bone tissue grows in columns

  • provides structural strength
  • forms a space that contains red bone marrow
A

traberculae

70
Q

muscle mainly responsible for the action is called

A

agonist

71
Q

fight against parasitic infections

A

eosinophils

72
Q

attack and destroy bacteria and viruses

A

neutrophils

73
Q

sternum consists of what 3 things

A

manubrium
corpus sterni
xiphoid process

74
Q

cells that are responsible for color, and in seeing in bright light

A

cones

75
Q

produced by adrenal glands and increase reabsorption of sodium ions from nephron

A

adolsterone

76
Q

acidic loving granulocytes

A

eosinophils

77
Q

support agonsit, attach to same bones, stabilize movement, and decrease unnecessary movement

A

synergists

78
Q

which of the following is a type of external chemical barrier provided by the body’s innate immune system

A

salt

79
Q

which of the following is a type of external physical barrier provided by the body’s innate immune system

A

skin and mucus

80
Q

two atoms that have different number of neutrons but the same number of protons

A

isotopes

81
Q

insulates a nerve fiber or axon and facilitates the transmission of nerve impulses

A

myelin sheath

82
Q

two identical copies of a chromosome formed during cell cycle are called

A

chromatids

83
Q

in which organ is the digestive enzyme pepsin found?

A

stomach

84
Q

what is the result if the vas deferens is blocked

A

sperm from the testicles cannot mix with semen

85
Q

filters waste products out of the blood is the function of _____ in the the kidney

A

glomerulus

86
Q

what is the result when a person’s pancreas stops releasing insulin?

A

sugar will not enter cells, causing high blood sugar levels and diabetes

87
Q

blood plasma contains

A

90% water
antibodies
nutrients
hormones

88
Q

hemoglobin is found where?

A

in red blood cells

89
Q

role of pancreas in digestion

A

produces hormones and digestive juices and secretes them into duodenum

90
Q

which of the following hormones causes the uterine lining to thicken during ovulation?

A

estrogen

91
Q

describe the action of regulatory genes

A

they control the expression of one or more other genes

92
Q

membrane around lungs

A

pleura

93
Q

where in the body are leukocytes produced?

A

in the marrow within bones

94
Q

function of ____ is to find and destroy cells that contain a pathogen’s antigen signature

A

cytotoxic T cells

95
Q

which of the following types of motion do the molecules of a liquid exhibit?

A

translational and vibrational

96
Q

which of the following glands of the endocrine system is located closest to the pineal gland

A

pituitary gland

97
Q

which bones articulate at hinge joint

A

femur and tibia

98
Q

which element within the respiratory system is responsible for removing foreign matter from the lungs?

A

cilia

99
Q

one responsibility of the _____ is to block pathogens that cause disease

A

integumentary system

100
Q

when are the parasympathetic nerves active within the nervous system?

A

when an individual is either resting or eating

101
Q

the part of the human excretory system most responsible for maintaining normal blood temperature is the

A

sweat glands

102
Q

a part of which body system controls fluid loss, protects deep tissues, and synthesizes vitamin D

A

integumentary system

103
Q

the respiratory system ____ oxygen and ____ carbon dioxide

A

delivers oxygen; expels carbon dioxide

104
Q

in the development of genetic traits, one gene must attach to one _____ for the traits to develop correctly

A

protein

105
Q

which of the following best describes the careful ordering of molecules within solids that have a fixed shape

A

crystalline order

106
Q

which of the following describes the transport network that is responsible for the transference proteins throughout a cell

A

endoplasmic reticulum

107
Q

which of the following choices best describes the location of the trachea in relation to the esophagus?

A

anterior

108
Q

which of the following do catalysts alter to control the rate of a chemical reaction

A

activation energy

109
Q

how many layers of skin do humans have

A

3

110
Q

which of the following bone types is embedded in tendons

A

sesamoid bones

111
Q

what is the most likely reason that cells differentiate?

A

cells differentiate so that simple, non-specialized cells can become highly specialized cells

112
Q

how is meiosis similar to mitosis?

A

both occur in humans, other animals, and plants

113
Q

what basic molecular unit enables hereditary information to be transmitted from parent to offspring?

A

genes

114
Q

how do DNA and RNA function together as part of the human genome?

A

RNA carries genetic information from DNA to the cytoplasm

115
Q

which of the following best describes the structures found underneath each rib in descending order?

A

nerve
vein
artery

116
Q

filters microorganisms and other foreign substances from the blood

A

spleen

117
Q

is a protein that interferes with virus production

A

interferon

118
Q

which structure releases hormones that stimulate the gonads during puberty?

A

hypothalamus

119
Q

a vaccination is a way of acquiring which type of immunity?

A

active artificial immunity

TEAS (6 decks)

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