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TEAS- science Flashcards

1
Q

promote inflammation, made in renal medulla, and can lead to pain and fever

A

prostaglandis

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2
Q

____ is the product of the velocity and mass of an object

A

momentum

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3
Q

lactose is considered a ____ sugar

A

double sugar (disaccharide)

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4
Q

firmest type of connective tissue

A

bone

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5
Q

____ is the changing of substances into a different form that entered the body

A

assimilation

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6
Q

human blood and house ammonia are considered

A

bases

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7
Q

the point in a female’s menstrual cycle that is most correlated with pregnancy

A

ovulation

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8
Q

3D shape of a molecule is known as

A

conformation

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9
Q

correct formula for pH

A

-log[H+]

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10
Q

which of the following atoms is the most numerous in the body?

  • nitrogen
  • hydrogen
  • chlroine
  • calcium
A

hydrogen

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11
Q

chemical formula for ammonia

A

NH3

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12
Q

how many layers of skin does humans have?

A

3- epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous fat

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13
Q

2 criteria for classifying epithelial tissue

A

shape- cuboidal, squamous, columnar

layers- simple, stratified

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14
Q 
catalyze chemical reactions
synthesize and repair DNA
structure support
transport materials across cells
send and receive chemicals 
provide energy
A

proteins

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15
Q

use their substrate to build more complex molecules

A

anabolic enzymes

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16
Q

break down their substrate

A

catabolic enzymes

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17
Q

how many essential amino acids are out there?

A

9

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18
Q

provides protection from UV radiation and serves as a lubricant for the skin

A

hair

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19
Q

___ cells produce specific antibodies

A

B cells

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20
Q
  • provides memory

- antigen-specific immune response

A

adaptive immunity

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21
Q
  • nonspecific response

- physical barriers, chemicals

A

innate immunity

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22
Q

filters bacteria in blood

A

spleen

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23
Q

small glands mainly in thorax and abodmen

-help prevent disease by filtering out bacteria

A

lymph nodes

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24
Q

lymphatic system 3 functions:

A
  • return excess fluid back into the blood (fluid balance)
  • absorb fat from digestive and desposits in to bloodstream
  • defends body against pathogens
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25
Q

kidneys produce ____, a hormone that regulates blood pressure by balancing water and salt

A

renin

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26
Q

blood enters kidney through

A

renal artery

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27
Q

serves as first stage of filtering process

A

glomerulus

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28
Q

important in digestion of fats

A

bile

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29
Q

____ radiation has 1- charge

A

beta

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30
Q

how many d orbitals in a d subshell

A

5

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31
Q

which chemicals are responsible for conveying an impulse along a nerve cell

A

sodium and potassium

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32
Q

glucose formula

A

C6H12O6

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33
Q

tail of lipid

A

hydrocarbon chain-hydrophobic

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34
Q

head of lipid

A

glycerol or phosphate- hydrophilic

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35
Q

amino acid 3 parts

A

R group
carboxyl group
amino group

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36
Q

nucleotides are composed of

A

5 C sugar
phosphate group
nitrogenous base

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37
Q

in cell membrane that adds stiffness and flexability

A

cholesterol

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38
Q

in cell membrane helps give the cells shape

A

proteins

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39
Q

in cell membrane, helps the cell to recognize other cells of organisms

A

glycolipids

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40
Q

sacs used for storage, digestion, and waste removal

A

vacuoles

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41
Q

small organelle, moving materials within a cell

A

vessicles

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42
Q

occurs because lack of vitamin C

A

scurvy

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43
Q

made in salivary glands and pancreas

-breaks down starch into simpler sugars

A

amylase

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44
Q

vili is only present in

A

small intestine

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45
Q

RBCs live for how long in blood?

A

120 days or 4 months

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46
Q

WBS are smaller/larger than RBCs

A

larger

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47
Q

WBCs are more abundant/less abudant than RBCs

A

less abundant

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48
Q

inhalation

A

diaphragm contracts and moves down

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49
Q

lying belly down is ___ position

A

prone

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50
Q

lying back down is ___ position

A

supine

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51
Q

what causes a moving body to resist a change in its state of motion

A

inertia

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52
Q

comprise the pulmonary tree

A

trachea
bronchi
bronchioles

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53
Q

detoxifies metabolic by-products, alcohol, and drugs

A

smooth ER

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54
Q

measures blood pressure (mmHg)

A

sphygnmomanometer

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55
Q

which bone structure holds the osteocytes

A

lacunae

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56
Q

ring of muscle at base of uterus

A

cervix

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57
Q

X nerve

A

vagus nerve

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58
Q

newtons second law of motion formula

A

f= ma

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59
Q

pressure inversely propotional to volume of gas

A

boyle’s law

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60
Q

for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

A

newton’s 3rd law

61
Q

an object at rest will stay at rest, an object that is moving will stay moving unless disturbed by an unbalanced force

A

newton’s first law

62
Q

what kind of bond connects sugar and phosphate in DNA

A

covalent bond

63
Q

entirely used up by the chemical reaction

A

limiting reactant

64
Q

what kind of radiation has no charge

A

gamma

65
Q

radiation has 2+ charge

A

alpha

66
Q

5 things that influence reaction rates

A 
catalyst
concentration
temperature
pressure
surface area
67
Q

what makes up molecule of a fat

A

3 molecules of fatty acids

1 molecule of glycerol

68
Q

brachiocephalic vein is formed by

A

internal jugular

subclavian veins

69
Q

large lymphatic trunks unite to form which 2 main vessels of lymphatic system

A

right lymphatic duct

thoracic duct

70
Q

required by thyroid gland for production of hormone thyroxine

A

iodine

71
Q

vitamin A is known as ____ and is a ___ vitamin

A

retinol, fat-soluble

72
Q

can cause night blindness

A

vitamin A deficency

73
Q

developed due to deficency of proteins in diet

A

kwashiokor

74
Q

occurs because of lack of iron

A

anemia

75
Q

develops due to insufficent vitamin D, phophorus, calcium

A

rickets

76
Q

monosaccharides

A

glucose
fructose
galactose

77
Q

disaccharides

A

sucrose
maltose
lactose

78
Q

polysaccharides

A

glycerol
chitin
cellulose
starch

79
Q

involved in regulation and expression of genes

A

nucleic acids

80
Q

refer to the tendency of an atom to want to bond with other atoms by taking electrons from those atoms

A

electronegativity

81
Q

amount of energy required for removal of one electron from atom

A

ionization energy

82
Q

atomic radius

A

decreases left to right

increases top to bottom

83
Q

ionization energy

A

increases from left to right

decreases from top to bottom

84
Q

electronegativity

A

increases from left to right

decreases from top to bottom

85
Q

lowest level of energy, max 2 electrons

A

s orbital

86
Q

max 6 electrons

A

p orbital

87
Q

max 8 electrons

A

d orbital

88
Q

max 32 electrons

A

f orbital

89
Q

2 criteria for classifying epithelial tissue

A

layers- single, stratified

shape-cuboidal, columnar, squamous

90
Q

how many layers of skin do humans have

A

3

91
Q

chemical formula for ammonia

A

NH3

92
Q

which of the following atoms is the most numerous in body

A

hydrogen

93
Q

correct formula for pH

A

-log[H+]

94
Q

3D shape of a molecule is known as

A

conformation

95
Q

the product of the velocity and mass of an object

A

momentum

96
Q

promote inflammation
made in renal medulla
can lead to pain and fever

A

prostaglandis

97
Q

high concentration to low

A

diffusion

98
Q

type of diffusion in which water moves passively through a semi-permeable membrane

A

osmosis

99
Q

alkynes form __ bonds

A

triple

100
Q

alkanes form ___ bonds

A

single

101
Q

alkenes form __ bonds

A

double

102
Q

involves drawing a specific conclusion based on a general premise

A

deductive reasoning

103
Q

each osteon consists of concentric layers called ____, which are compact bone tissue that surround a central canal

A

lamellae

104
Q

contains bones blood supply

A

haversain canal

105
Q

have hollow shafts that contain marrow

A

long bones

106
Q

not hollow, but contain marrow

A

flat bones

107
Q

caused by loss of minerals from the bone, which cause its rigidity to be lost

A

osteoporosis

108
Q

caused by a genetic defect in a collagen matrix that causes bones to be brittle and break easy

A

osteogensis imperfecta (brittle bone disease)

109
Q

involves drawing general conclusions based on observation of specific events

A

inductive reasoning

110
Q

acts as an insulator and covers axon to allow for electrical impulses to transmit into cell

A

myelin sheath

111
Q

regulates metabolism and also helps body deal with stress

A

adrenal gland

112
Q

produces hormones for regular growth and metabolic rate

A

thyroid gland

113
Q

when bronchi become chronically inflammed, they narrow and spasm

A

asthma

114
Q

inability to exhale normally

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

115
Q

genetic disorder that causes poor mucus clearance from the lungs, result in difficult breathing and infections

A

cystic fibrosis

116
Q

hormone that stimulates appetite

A

ghrelin

117
Q

hormone that inhibits hunger

A

leptin

118
Q

hormone that causes the storage of glucose

A

insulin

119
Q

hormone that stimulates the breakdown of stored glycogen

A

glucagon

120
Q

secrete sebum (oil) that waterproofs the skin

A

sebaceous glands

121
Q

associated with body’s homeostatic relationship of thermoregulation and rid body of metabolic wastes

A

sweat glands

122
Q

waxy protein that helps to waterproof the skin

A

keratin

123
Q

shivering is associated with the ____

A

muscular system

124
Q

sebaceous gland and sweat glands are ____

A

exocrine glands

125
Q

sebaceous gland are also known as

A

holocrin glands

126
Q

2 types of sweat glands

A

eccrine

apocrine

127
Q

located throughout the body and can be found on forehead, neck, and back

A

eccrine glands

128
Q

located in the armpits, groins, palms, and soles of feet

A

apocrine glands

129
Q

not connected to hair follicles, activated by elevated blood temperature
-secrete a salty solution of electrolytes and water containing sodium chloride, potassium, bicarbonate, glucose, and antimicrobial peptides

A

eccrine glands

130
Q

secrete this oily sweat when a person experiences stress or anxiety

  • produce body odor
  • secrete oily solution containing fatty acids, triglycerides, and proteins
A

apocrine glands

131
Q

has an influence on daily biorhythms and sexual activity

A

pineal gland

132
Q

plays a role in immune responses

A

thymus gland

133
Q

what does calcitonin do?

A

decrease blood calcium in bone tissue

134
Q

found traveling in the lymph or fixed in lymphatic tissue are the largest, long-living phagocytes that engulf and destroy pathogens

A

macrophages

135
Q

short-living phagocyte that respond quick to invaders

-type of granulocyte

A

neutrophils

136
Q

provides an attachment point for the tongue muscles

A

hyoid bone

137
Q

two types of connective bone tissue

A

compact bone

spongy bone

138
Q

which consist of tightly packed cells, is strong, dense, and rigid

A

compact (cortical) bone

139
Q

consists of trabeculae, lightweight and porous, helps reduce bone’s overall weight

A

spongy (cancellous) bone

140
Q

spaces between lamellae are known as

A

lacunae

141
Q

network of gliders with open spaces filled with red bone marrow
-within spongy bone

A

trabeculae

142
Q

catabolic reactions ____ energy

A

release

143
Q

anabolic reactions _____ energy

A

require

144
Q

a codon has the code for a single___

A

amino acid

145
Q

start codon

A

AUG

146
Q

stop codon

A

UAA
UGA
UAG

147
Q

molecule that helps in translation process, and is found in cytoplasm

A

transfer RNA

148
Q

refers to the expression of both alleles so that both traits are shown

  • cows for example can have hair color of red, white, red and white (not pink)
  • ABO human blood typing system
  • not a Mendel Law/concept
A

Co-dominance

149
Q

when both dominant and recessive genes are expressed, resulting in a phenotype that is mixture of the two
-red, white, or pink

A

incomplete dominance

TEAS (6 decks)

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