TEAM SPORTS Flashcards
“Before man can do anything, he must draw breath, he must move. Movement is the source and condition of life. To dance is to be out of yourself. Larger, more beautiful, more powerful. This is power, it is glory on earth and it is yours for the taking.”
Agnes de Mille (1963
The human being has an innate yearning for________________. Whether this is in the form of athletic, activities of daily living or dance. The human body is primarily instrument for each (Myers, 2005) dance uses the body as an instrument of expression in time and space.
Regular rhythmic movement
Why do people dance?
a. To please the Gods
b. To please others
c. To please themselves or self-expression
d. To build community within an ethnic group or social interaction
is an expression of the body following rhythmic patterns and is accompanied by music. It differs from athletics or other daily activities because it focuses primarily on “aesthetic or even entertaining experience.
Dance
It is one of the oldest and most popular form of exercise.
Dance
Brief History and Nature of Dance
Pre-historic Era
Pre-Christian Era
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Greek
Ancient Rome
Catholic Era
Dark /Middle Ages
Early Renaissance /Europe
*religious rituals
*courtship/mating
*communication
*therapeutic
*tribal unity
Pre-historic Era
Mediterranean/Middle eastern
Pre-Christian Era
*wall paintings *literary records
Ancient Egypt
*religious expression
*military education
*entertainment/display
*Plato/Aristotle/Socrates
-noble and ignoble
Ancient Greek
*less importance to dancing
*brutal and sensationalize
*dancers are slaves/captives
*corruption
*underground dancers
Ancient Rome
*religious ceremonies
* approved dancing
Catholic Era
*peasants dance in grass
*court dances
*social dancing
*performed in village squares/castles
Dark /Middle Ages
*contemporary dances
*ballet
*dancers are valuable
*dance as an art
*wholly accepted
Early Renaissance /Europe
Benefits of dance and Creative Movements
- Physical
- Mental/Emotional
- Social
- Cultural
Physical Benefits
- Develop cardiovascular/muscular endurance
- Balance
- Body composition
- Flexibility
- Coordination
- Lower risk of Cardiovascular diseases
Mental/Emotional Benefits
- Release emotional pressure
- Psychological health benefits
- Keep brain sharp
- Activity with dementia condition
Social Benefits
- Intense and positive social interaction
- Interpersonal relationships
- Sense of togetherness
- Self-actualization in society
Cultural Benefits
- Promotes country’s rich culture
- Closer understanding of the lives
- Values one’s culture of the people
ELEMENTS OF DANCE
- BODY
- ACTION
- SPACE
- TIME
- ENERGY
- BODILY SHAPES
The art of dance takes place in and through the human body. In dance, the body is the mobile figure or shape, felt by the dancer, seen by others. The body is sometimes relatively still and sometimes changing as the dancer moves in place or travels through the dance area. Dancers may emphasize specific parts of their body in a dance phrase or their whole body.
BODY
is any human movement included in the act of dancing— it can include dance steps, facial movements, partner lifts, gestures, and even everyday movements such as walking. Dance is made up of streams of movement and pauses, so action refers not only to steps and sequences, but also to pauses and moments of relative stillness.
ACTION
the area the performers occupy and where they move.
SPACE
dance movements can travel in any direction. Forward, side, backward, diagonal, circular and so on. Can also face any direction while executing a single movement or several phrase
Direction
movements can be varied by doing larger or smaller actions
Size
movements can be done in high, medium or low level.
Level
performers may change their focus by looking at different directions
Focus
the keyword for the element of time is “when”
Time
Examples of Time in dance
a.rhythmic patterns- metered or free rhythm
b.beat/pulse- performers move the tempo of an underlying sound
c.patterns- 2/4 or 3/4
d.tempo- speed
e.simultaneous or sequential timing
is about “how”-it refers to the force of an action and can mean both the physical energy and psychic energy that drive and characterizes movements
Energy
Six qualities of dance energies are:
a. Sustained-smoothly, continuously with flow and control. Does not have a beginning and ending
b.percussive- explosives or sharp in contrast to sustained and with clear beginning and ending.
c.vibratory-trembling and shaking, a faster version of percussive
d.swinging- curved line or an arc in space, movements are relaxed
e.suspended- perched in space or hanging on air. Ex. Holding a raised leg
f.collapsing- released in tension and gradually or abruptly giving in to gravity
It refers to how the entire body is molded in space. The body can be rounded, angular or combination of two, wide to narrow, high to low.
BODILY SHAPES
identical or similar on both sides
symmetrical
identical or similar on both sidesunbalanced shape, completely different from each other
assymetrical
What makes a good dance?
A good dance displays a significant meaning or conveys a message. Sometimes, it also portrays life experiences. Dance may be presented abstractly and symbolically but still convey emotion and meaning (McGreevy-Nichols et al. 2005). A good dance lifts and transports the audience from their seats during the performance.
What makes a good dance? It should have:
a.Beginning- it may come in a form of shape, pose or an entrance. (Preset and To enter)
b.Middle- consists of development of the exploration of the main idea.
c.Ending/conclusion- should be clear and also in the form of shape, pose or exit.
Is the instrument by which ideas and elements are arranged or combined into logical sequence which results in unity and consistency, and by means of which the content or idea can be expressed and communicated.
Form
The form should progress through time from the beginning to the end of the choreography. Each section is composed of several units that are smoothly connected to each other. These small units are called
“phrase”
It is the smallest unit of form in the whole dance. When you combine one movement with several others, they form a unit. Commonly, a single phrase consist of eight counts.
phrase
A good dance contains a ______________ to be able to convey its meaning to the audience. A dance without meaning makes it superficial and easy to forget. It is also a single movement or a short phrase of movement that embodies the style of the dance.
theme or a motif
Characteristics of a Good Dance
Unity
Continuity and Development
Variety and Contrast
Transition
Repetition
Climax
the interconnected phrases of the dance are coherent and flow smoothly together. The movements fit together
Unity
the phrases of the dance are organized progressively and there is a continuous development of the movement that the audience is swept along to the end.
Continuity and Development
movement phrases add excitement and flavor in the dance. Avoid repeating them in the exact ways. Example are slow to fast, short to long, minimal to large phrases.
Variety and Contrast
this is the link between movements, phrases and section of the dance. It may vary from length and complexity, long or short, gradual or abrupt, simple or an entire phrase.
Transition
some phrases need to be repeated so that the audience can identify its significance. Usually, it is the main message. Example chorus phrase.
Repetition
this is where the apex of energy in the dance is reached. It could be a fast and enraged blast of energy and action or a fade away to gentle and quiet exit.
Climax
Choreographic Form of Dance
1.Sequential forms- specific order
2.Contrapuntal forms
3.Episodic form
4.Other Compositional forms
