ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT LESSON 3

Question 1

FOUR MAJOR CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Answer 1

HUMAN PROCESS INTERVENTIONS
TECHNOSTRUCTURAL INTERVENTIONS
HRM INTERVENTIONS
STRATEGIC CHANGE INTERVENTIONS

Question 2

______________ are some of the earliest and most effective OD interventions related to interpersonal relations, group, and organizational dynamics.

Answer 2

Human process interventions

Question 3

7 types of Human Process Interventions

Answer 3

Individual Interventions
Group Interventions
Third-party interventions
Team building
Organization confrontation meeting
Intergroup relations interventions
Large-group interventions

Question 4

These interventions are targeted to the individual, often aimed at improving communication with others. An employee is coached on interpersonal behaviors that are counterproductive.

Answer 4

Individual Interventions

Question 5

These interventions are aimed at the content, structure, or process of the group. The content is what the group is focused on. The structure is how a group is designed to act on the content. The process is the way in which the group carries out its core tasks.

Answer 5

Group Interventions

Question 6

These are often used when there are conflicts. Not all conflicts are bad, but bad conflicts should be resolved quickly.

Answer 6

Third-party interventions

Question 7

This is the best-known OD intervention. It refers to activities that help groups improve the way they accomplish tasks.

Answer 7

Team building

Question 8

This aims to identify problems and improvement targets, and set priorities. It is a starting point for addressing identified problems, across your organization.

Answer 8

Organization confrontation meeting

Question 9

These are aimed at diagnosing and understanding in-group relations. Similarly, problems are identified and priorities and improvement targets are set, before working on the identified issues.

Answer 9

Intergroup relations interventions

Question 10

The aim is to bring a large number of organization members and other stakeholders together. Internal and external stakeholders work together collaboratively. It may address organization-wide problems, or implement changes of structure or direction.

Answer 10

Large-group interventions

Question 11

These refers to change programs aimed at the technology and structure of the organization. They are highly relevant due to the changing business dynamics.

Answer 11

Technostructural interventions

Question 12

Types of Technostructural Interventions

Answer 12

Organizational design
Total quality management (TQM)
Work designs
Job Enrichment

Question 13

The organizational structure can include functional, divisional, matrix, process, customer-centric, and network structures. Significant activities in organizational design include engineering and downsizing.

Answer 13

Organizational Design

Question 14

This is also known as continuous process improvement, lean, and six-sigma. It grew out of a manufacturing emphasis on quality control. It places customer satisfaction as central to the long-term success of an organization.

Answer 14

Total quality management

Question 15

All work should be done in order to achieve outcomes. These outcomes vary across organizations. Work can be designed to achieve an outcome as quickly as possible. Or, emphasis may be placed on employee satisfaction. Designing work in a way that leads to optimum productivity is called _________?

Answer 15

Work Design

Question 16

Types of HRM interventions

Answer 16

Performance management
Developing talent
Wellness interventions
Diversity interventions

Question 17

These are organizational development techniques that focus on the way the employee is managed. Many of these are part of HRM functions.

Answer 17

HRM Interventions

Question 18

Good performance management includes techniques such as goal setting, performance appraisal, and reward systems.

Answer 18

Performance Management

Question 19

This includes talent management practices like coaching & mentoring, career planning, development interventions, and management and leadership development.

Answer 19

Developing Talent

Question 20

These include stress management programs, and employee assistance programs. They address social factors and aim for a healthy work-life balance.

Answer 20

Wellness Interventions

Question 21

Diversity is a source of innovation. This includes age, gender, race, sexual orientation, disabilities, and culture, and value orientation. These OD intervention techniques are aimed at increasing diversity.

Answer 21

Diversity Interventions

Question 22

These organizational development techniques plays a crucial role in successfully implementing changes that require behavioral change in the organization.

Answer 22

Strategic change interventions

Question 23

Types of strategic change interventions

Answer 23

Transformational change
Continuous change
Transorganizational change

Question 24

This is a process that involves changing the basic character of the organization, including how it is structured and the way it operates.

Answer 24

Transformational change

Question 25

This is an intervention that enables organizations to improve gradually, by making small incremental changes.

Answer 25

Continuous change

Question 26

This change involves change interventions that move beyond a single organization. This includes mergers, allying, acquisitions, and strategic networking. A common type of this change is when a company buys, or merges with, a competitor.

Answer 26

Transorganizational change

Question 27

This is the system which describes the organizational hierarchy in terms of different functions, roles, responsibilities, supervision, etc

Answer 27

Organization structure

Question 28

Organization structure has two types

Answer 28

Centralized structure
Decentralized Structure

Question 29

One where the decision-making power and authority are concentrated at the top level, and the lower levels follow the directives and policies of the upper management.

Answer 29

Centralized structure

Question 30

One where mid-level and lower-level managers make most of the decisions, rather than the senior management team.

Answer 30

Decentralized Structure

Question 31

It refers to defining, designing, and re-structuring organizational structure. The very process of organizational design is aimed at finding any type of defective or dysfunctional elements related to an organization’s system, organization structure, process, and work culture.

Answer 31

Organizational Design

Question 32

It clarifies different aspects like authority, the responsibility of tasks and its limitations, reporting structure, a flow of information, etc.

Answer 32

Organizational Design

Question 33

A direct chain of command from the top of the company to the bottom.

Answer 33

Line Organizational Structure & Design

Question 34

A team structure that groups employees into different departments based on areas of expertise.

Answer 34

Functional Organizational Structure & Design

Question 35

An approach in which authorities (e.g., managers) establish goals and directives that are then fulfilled by staff and other workers.

Answer 35

Line and Staff Organizational Structure & Design

Question 36

A system of organization where the employees are segmented into semi-autonomous units known as divisions.

Answer 36

Divisional Organizations

Question 37

This is the primary unit for performing certain tasks. Especially service firms, for example engineering providers, film studios, consultancies, legal firms, marketing and advertising, are rather organized around projects.

Answer 37

Project-Based Organizations

Question 38

A company structure where teams report to multiple leaders.

Answer 38

Matrix Organizations

Question 39

6 Types of Organizational Design

Answer 39

Line Organizational Design
Functional Organization Design
Line and Staff Organization Design
Divisional Organizational Design
Project-based Organizational Design
Matrix Organizational Design