Teaching Listening Flashcards
listening procedure - pre
- pre-teaching vocab (only critical words)
- establish context - Give Ss a general idea of what they are going to hear (authentic purpose)
- create motivation- Give Ss a purpose for listening(e.g. title on board/ ask Ss to predict what they’re going to hear)
+) brainstorming/ using visuals
listening procedure - while
- Extensive listening - general Qs on context and attitude of speakers
- Intensive listening- pre-set Qs (before the 2nd play)
- checking answers (T allows learners time to write up their answers and then check with the class as a whole)
listening procedure - post
- Drawing attention to functional lg (dialugue 내 에서fuction가르치기 : well-contextualized examples of functions of offering)
- Infering vocab
preset Q 종류
signingposting Qs (누가 언제 어디에서 key points of the text) generating Qs (Ss가 title보고 Qs 만들어보기)
monologue 종류 및 특징
Unplanned : easy to understand. hesitation. more redundancy
Planned: hard to understand. little redundancy
dialogue 종류 및 특징
Interpersonal: for social relationships/ person-oriented
Transactional: to convery factual or propositional information/ message-oriented
Features of spoken lg
- clustering (paused unit)
- reduced forms: contraction, elision (to avoid bookish quality)
- redundancy : opportunity to make meaning clear(repetition, rephrase,elaboration)
- perfomance variables : fillers (I mean, you know, well)/ incomplete grammatical units/ false starts/ corrections/ pause/ hesitation markers (Uhh, Mmm)
- Colloquial lg: idioms, slangs, reduced forms
- prosodic features: stress, rhythm, intonation
Register
The way that lg use varies according to variations in the context.
Ss will develop formality-awareness
Ss will distinguish the differences in register btw the two dialogues
Ss will understand the interpersonal relationships of the speakers in each dialogue
Adventages of authentic speech
- Learners encounter target lg items in a context where they naturally occur.
- Learners experience the lg item with other closely related grammatical and discourse elements.
(naturalness of lg/ real-life listening experience)
Instead of simplifying the lg of the text, simplify the task that is demanded of the Ss
Criteria for selecting authentic materials to use in a listening class
- interesting & relevant topic
- words and structure
- rate of delivery
Bottom up listening
- decode individaul sounds and words
- try to understand the message by interpreting each individual word
- focus on linguistic information more intensively
the recognition of sounds, words,or sentences
Lg items that are avaible within the text itself
Top down listening
- use background kn, the situation, context
- prior kn faciliatates quicker understanding
Infer meaning from contextual clues
Use world kn. schematic kn
Summarize
Confirm or reject the prediction that they have made
schemata 종류
Content schemata: general world kn. Socio-cultural kn. topic kn.
Forma schemata: rhetorical, discourse structure
If T suspects that there are gaps in Ss’ knowledge: schema building activity
Product-oriended listening
Focus on what was understood
Use what Ss comprehended in listening in order to complete another lg activity ( write a report, give a speech ) : Ss try out the lg that they’ve learned-> motiviation ↑
Process-oriented listening
Focus on how the understanding takes place
Metacognitive Instruction:
- enable Ss to increase thier awareness about their listening process
- develop effective skill for self-regualting listening comprehention
-focusing on the process can help Ss to reflect on their learning.
(Planning-monitoring-evaluationg): T should promote the acquisition of metacognitive strategies.
Intenstive listening
Listen carefully in order to work on listening skills
T provides multiple opportunities to listen for other purposes
Extensive listening
For pleasure, for meaning
Listen to large amount of easy materials
monitoring in listening
check the accuracy of what is understood (and compare with new info)
- Ask ss to check their grammar before submitting their summary (10’22)
Information Transfer
Reproduce what they hear into another form
보충
