TD 23

Question 1

Mast Bumping

Answer 1

Land as soon as possible.

Question 2

Control Movements

Answer 2

CAUTION
For gross weights greater than 3000 lbs and density altitudes greater than sea level, the directional control margin may be significantly reduced while hovering in winds from the right greater than 20 knots or for right sideward flight at speeds greater than 20 knots.

Abrupt control movements, including rapid and repetitive anti torque pedals reversals are prohibited to avoid excessive stresses in the structure. This restriction in no way limits normal control application.

Question 3

Spatial Disorientation

Answer 3

A pilots erroneous perception of position, attitude, or motion in relation to the gravitational vertical and the Earth’s surface.

Type 1- unrecognized
Type 2- recognized
Type 3- incapacitating

Visual illusions:

• Confusion with Ground Lights
• Crater Illusion
• Induced Motion
• False Horizons
• Fascination/Fixation
• Height-Depth Perception Illusion
• Autokinesis
• Structural Illusion
• Size-Distance Illusion

Somatogyral Illusions:

• Leans
• Graveyard Spiral
• Coriolis Illusion

Somatogravic Illusions:

• G excess illusion
• Elevator illusion

Question 4

Loss of Tail Rotor Effectiveness

Ch 9

Answer 4

This is a situation involving a loss of effective tail rotor thrust without a break in the drive system which cannot be stopped with full left pedal application. If LTE is experienced, simultaneously:

    1. Pedal- Full Left
    2. Cyclic- Forward
    3. As recovery is affected, adjust controls for normal flight.

WARNING
Collective reduction will aid in arresting the yaw rate; however, if a rate of descent has been established, collective reduction may increase the rate of descent to an excessive value. The resultant large and rapid increase in collective to prevent ground or obstacle contact may further increase the yaw rate, decrease the rotor RPM and cause an over torque and/or over temperature condition. Therefore, the decision to reduce collective must be based on the pilot assessment of the altitude available for recovery.

    4. If spin cannot be stopped and crash is imminent, an autorotation may be the best course of action. Maintain full left pedal until the spin stops, then adjust to maintain heading.