TD-206 Frederik ✔ Flashcards
Describe the false horizon illusion and how to compensate for it.
The false horizon illusion occurs when the aviator confuses cloud formations with the horizon or the ground. An aviator may perceive the cloudbank below to be horizontal although it may not be horizontal to the ground; thus, the pilot may fly the aircraft in a banked attitude. Solution - Conduct a proper scan of instruments and other visual cues
Describe the fascination (fixation) and how to compensate for it.
Fascination, or fixation, flying can be separated into two categories: task saturation and target fixation. Task saturation may occur during the accomplishment of simple tasks within the cockpit. Crew members may become so engrossed with a problem or task within the cockpit that they fail to properly scan outside the aircraft. Solution - Refrain from staring at objects too long; scan
Describe flicker vertigo and how to compensate for it.
Flicker vertigo may be created by helicopter rotor blades or airplane propellers interrupting direct sunlight at a rate of 4 to 20 cycles per second. Flashing anticollision strobe lights, especially while the aircraft is in the clouds, can also produce this effect. Viewing a flickering light can be both distracting and annoying, could produce seizures in those rare individuals who are susceptible to flicker-induced epilepsy. Solution - Turn off light source
Describe confusion with ground lights and how to compensate for it.
Confusion with ground lights occurs when an aviator mistakes ground lights for stars. This illusion prompts the aviator to place the aircraft in an unusual attitude to keep the misperceived ground lights above them. Solution - Conduct a proper scan, both aided and unaided
Describe the height and depth perception and how to compensate for it.
The height-depth perception illusion is due to a lack of sufficient visual cues and causes an aircrew member to lose depth perception. Flying over an area devoid of visual references—such as desert, snow, or water—will deprive the aircrew member of his perception of height. The aviator, misjudging the aircraft’s true altitude, may fly the aircraft dangerously low in reference to the ground or other obstacles above the ground. Solution - Trust instruments and scan horizon
Describe the size and distance illusion and how to compensate for it.
The size-distance illusion is the false perception of distance from an object or the ground, created when a crew member misinterprets an unfamiliar object’s size to be the same as an object that he is accustomed to viewing. This illusion can occur if the visual cues, such as a runway or trees, are of a different size than expected. An aviator making an approach to a larger, wider runway may perceive that the aircraft is too low. Solution - Experience and knowledge of the occurrence
Describe altered planes of reference and how to compensate for it.
In altered planes of reference the pilot has an inaccurate sense of altitude, attitude, or flight-path position in relation to an object so great in size that the object becomes the new plane of reference rather than the correct plane of reference, the horizon. A pilot approaching a line of mountains may feel the need to climb although the altitude of the aircraft is adequate. Solution - Perform map recon to determine height of obstacle, and search for true plane of reference
Describe the relative motion illusion and how to compensate for it.
Relative motion is the falsely perceived self-motion in relation to the motion of another object. This illusion can be encountered during flight in situations such as formation flight, hover taxi, or hovering over water or tall grass. Solution-Proper scanning, experience and knowledge of the occurrence
What is the purpose of the minus blue coating on the NVG’s?
The minus-blue coating in the objective lens filters out light from the instrument panel and NVG-compatible supplement cockpit lights. This makes the ANVIS “blind” to the lighting so the glare does not interfere with viewing outside the aircraft.
How can you determine if your flashlight or other supplemental lighting (lip lights, finger lights etc.) are compatible with NVGs?
- At night in an a/c in an area of low ambient lighting, with interior lighting set for NVG operations, and with ANVIS prepared for use, position a reflective material aprox. 12 to 18 inches from the eyes.
- Shine the supplemental light onto the material.
- With the unaided eye, look at the resultant reflection cast on the windscreen.
- Observe this same reflection through the ANVIS. An acceptable supplemental light source will allow NVD aided vision through the reflection. The reflection may even disappear. If reflection interferes the light source is unacceptable.
Define scintillation.
Low ambient light levels either naturally occuring or created by visibility restrictions increase video noise. Image scintillation is this noise signal seen by the crewmember as a sparkling effect.
