TD-200 Kent ✔

Question 1

1. What physiological effects do smoking 3 cigarettes in rapid succession or 20 to 30 cigarettes within 24 hours before a flight have on a smoker’s night vision and physiological altitude?

Answer 1

• Loss of 20% Night vision
• Decreases in
  
  • accommondation
  • convergence
  • brightness sensitivity
  • color detecection
  • oculomotor coordination
  • flicker detection
  • peripheral vison
• 5000´physological altitude

Question 2

2. What is the difference between the night and day blind spot and how do we compensate for both?

Answer 2

Night blind spot:

Due to absence of rod cells in the fovea.

Compensated by using proper scanning techniques and off-center viewing

Day blind spot:

Due to the optic nerve attachment point.

Compensated by binocular vision

Question 3

3. How can night blind spot and the negative effects of scotopic vision be overcome?

Answer 3

Proper scanning techniques and off-center viewing to use the peripheral vision.

Question 4

4.What is the CAUTION associated with the landing/search light?

Answer 4

Question 5

5. What is the off-center viewing technique?

Answer 5

A technique to compensate for the night blind spot.

Look 10 degrees above/below the object.

Optimum view time 0,5-1,0 sec

No more than 2-3 sec

Question 6

6. What is the visual acuity of the human eye during the day, night, and under NVGs?

Answer 6

Day 20/20

Night 20/200 @ 0% illumination

NVD 20/25 @ 100% and 20/70 @ 0%

Question 7

7. The average time required to gain the greatest sensitivity or adaptation to a dark environment is ________ minutes. When fully dark adapted the rod cells become up to _______ times more sensitive than at the start of the dark adaptation period.

Answer 7

7. The average time required to gain the greatest sensitivity or adaptation to a dark environment is 30-45 minutes. When fully dark adapted the rod cells become up to 10000 times more sensitive than at the start of the dark adaptation period.

Question 8

8. Describe how high and low flight altitudes affect terrain interpretation.

Answer 8

High Altitude

Changes in viewing angle and distance at which an aviator is viewing an object will change the apparent shape of that object. The ability to identify manmade or natural features progressively decreases as flight altitude increases. This condition is affected at all levels of ambient light. When flight altitude increases, contrast between features becomes less distinguishable and features tend to blend. As terrain definition becomes less distinct, detection from altitude becomes difficult.

Low Altitude

Terrain becomes more clearly defined and contrast is greater when an aviator flies closer to the ground. This allows manmade and natural features to be more easily recognized and permits increased navigational capability. However, the viewable area of a crewmember at low altitudes is smaller than at higher altitudes. With NOE/contour altitudes, that area is even smaller, sometimes requiring an aviator to reduce airspeed to permit more accurate terrain interpretation. Objects can also be identified at low altitudes by silhouetting them against the skyline.