TCW MIDTERM Flashcards
the interaction of people, states, or countries through the growth of the international flow of money, ideas, and culture
Globalization
“Globalization is the intensification of worldwide social relations which link distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring far away, and vice versa”
Who is the author of this
Anthony Giddens
“Globalization as the compression of the world and the intensification of consciousness of the world as a whole”
Who is the author of this
Roland Robertson
“Globalization refers to a multidimensional set of social processes that create, multiply, stretch, and intensify worldwide social interdependencies and exchanges while at the same time fostering in people a growing
awareness of deep”
Who is the author of this
Manfred Steger
widespread belief that the global integration of economic markets is beneficial for everyone as it spreads
freedom and democracy across the world
Globalism
International Monetary Fund (IMF) identified four basic aspects of Globalization
What are they
Trade and Transactions
Capital and Investment
Migration of People
Dissemination of Knowledge
Countries opened their ___________ and removed trade barriers such as tariffs to allow imported goods to enter their _________
fill in blanks
- economies
- market
Indicators of globalization
List them
Interdependence of countries
Environmental issues
Advancement in science and technology
Economic, Political, and Cultural Globalization
______________ makes it possible to cross and move from one place to another in a short period of time
fill in blank
Transportation
Goods and services are accessible almost everywhere and anywhere through the help of _________ media. ___________ market do not monopolize trade
fill in blanks
- digital
- Domestic
ADVANTAGES OF GLOBALIZATION
List them
-Free Trade- open economy
-Global Cooperation
-Economic Productivity
-Multiculturalism and Multilingualism
-Cultural education and exchanges
-Migration and diversification of workers and companies
DISADVANTAGES OF GLOBALIZATION
List them
-Linguistic Hegemony of English
-Third World Dependency on the First World
-Wealth inequality rich vs. poor
-Racism and anti-migrant sentiments
-Exploitation of underdeveloped countries
-Environmental issues and unethical business practices
What are the 2 debates on Globalization
Anti-globalization
Alter-globalization
They want globalization to end
Globalization only favors the first world countries over third-world countries
It favors corporations over the needs of the citizens and communities
Profit-seeking rather than sustainable
development
What is this
Anti-globalization
Favors the current system of globalization
Improve globalization to make it more humane, pro-environment, and grassroots-driven
What is this
Alter-globalization
concerned with transnational trade, the opening of markets, and cutting down on trade restrictions
global economy
The spread of __________ across national borders with limited restrictions by the government
fill in blank
capitalism
The prices of the (different) products in different locations follow a similar pattern over a long period of time
True or False (whats correct answer if false)
False - same
Ancient Silk Road – from china to old Roman Empire (Italy)
True or False (whats correct answer if false)
True
Mercantilism - is a form of economic nationalism that sought to (decrease) the power of a nation through restrictive trade practices
True or False (whats correct answer if false)
False - increase
(1900’s – 1920’s) – The world experienced global economic crisis “Great Depression”
True or False (whats correct answer if false)
False - 1920’s - 1930’s
In the 1970s, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) (quadrupled) the price of oil and OPEC nations deposited their wealth in commercial banks
True or False (whats correct answer if false)
True
John Williamson coined the term Washington Consensus in (1989)
True or False (whats correct answer if false)
True
The Asian Financial crisis started on (Taiwan) in July 1997 and rippled across East Asian Countries
True or False (whats correct answer if false)
False - Thailand
Why was the Thai Baht unpegged from the US dollar
they lacked reserves ro back up their currency
In (2008), the Lehman Brothers declared bankruptcy
True or False (whats correct answer if false)
True
Who developed the word systems theory
Immanuel Wallerstein
According to the world systems theory, what is the world divided into
Core
Semi Periphery
Periphery
External
Powerful, wealthy, and independent countries
Financially dominant and highly industrialized
Core
The economies may be diverse, but they do not have much power in international trade.
The goal is to become a core country
Semi-periphery
Dependent on other countries in terms of military and economy
Least diverse economy and not highly industrialized
Workers are exploited and work for other countries
Periphery
(IMF) are created by one or more countries subject to international law.
True or False (whats correct answer if false)
False - (IFI) International Financial Institutions
The concept of the nation-state is relatively (old) in the modern world
True or False (whats correct answer if false)
False - new
The Bangsamoro nation is an example of a (nation belonging to a state)
True or False (whats correct answer if false)
True
is a community of persons more or less numerous, permanently occupying a definite portion of territory, having a government of their own to which the great body of inhabitants render obedience, and enjoying freedom from external control
State
What are the elements of the state
People
Territory
Government
Sovereignty
This refers to the inhabitants living within the state
People
It includes not only the fixed portion of land over which the jurisdiction of the state extends but also the rivers and lakes therein, a certain area of the sea which abuts upon its coasts and the space above the land and the waters
Territory
It refers to the agency through which the will of the state is formulated, expressed and carried out
Government
The term may be defined as the supreme power of the state to command and enforce obedience to its will from people within its jurisdiction and corollary
Sovereignty
(Michael Barnette) coined the term “international”
True or False (whats correct answer if false)
False - Jeremy Bentham
rights that we have because we exist as human beings- they are not granted by the state
Human rights
set of rules that seeks, for humanitarian reasons, to limit the effects of armed conflict
International Humanitarian Law
protects wounded and sick soldiers on land during war
First Geneva Convention
protects wounded, sick, and shipwrecked military personnel at sea during war
Second Geneva Convention
applies to the prisoners of war (POW).
Third Geneva Convention
affords the protection to civilians
Fourth Geneva Convention
Global governance can come from different sources
List them
Treaties
Organizations
International laws
The goals of global governance
List them
To provide public goods
Peace and security
Justice and mediation systems for conflicts
Functioning markets
Unified standards for trade and industries
International organizations are seen as a legitimate source of information. IOs can change and establish meanings and definitions
Power to Fix Meanings
International organizations can invent and apply categories able to create powerful global standards
Power of Classification
IOs have the ability to spread and promote important global standards
Human rights, Environmental conservation
The way they diffuse norms may cause harm or good
Power to Diffuse Norms
The United Nations was created in 1945 after the (World War I)
True or False (whats correct answer if false)
False - World War II
It started with 53 members, now it has (193) member states
True or False (whats correct answer if false)
True
List the 6 principal organs of UN
Secretariat
Security Council
General Assembly
Economic and Social Council
Trusteeship Council
International Court of Justice
gathers information, coordinate with other bodies and conducts activities
Secretariat
Identifies aggressor and decides on intervention and enforcement measures
Security Council
Decides on the admission of new members
Elect members to special bodies
General Assembly
The basic function of the council is to coordinate, policy review, policy recommendations on economic, environment and social welfare issues
Economic and Social Council
Main purpose is to provide international supervision for 11 Trust Territories and to ensure that necessary steps are taken to prepare the Territories for self-independence
Trusteeship Council
to settle in accordance with international law the legal disputes submitted to it by States, and to give advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by duly authorized international organs and agencies
International Court of Justice
Every state has the Responsibility to Protect its populations from four mass atrocity crimes: genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and ethnic cleansing
Which R2P pillar is this
Pillar One
The wider international community has the responsibility to encourage and assist individual states in meeting that responsibility
Which R2P pillar is this
Pillar Two
If a state is manifestly failing to protect its population, the international community must be prepared to take appropriate collective action, in a timely and decisive manner and in accordance with the UN Charter
Which R2P pillar is this
Pillar Three
What are the crimes that R2P seeks to respond to
Genocide
War Crimes
Crimes against Humanity
Ethnic Cleansing
Lis the 3 elements of R2P
Responsibility to prevent
Responsibility to react
Responsibility to rebuild
The study of places and the relationships between people and their environment
Geography
The Importance of Geography
-To understand global differences
-To understand physical and cultural aspects
-To understand regional, national, and global development
countries that were in alliance with the U.S.A., followed capitalism, and had stable economic and political systems
First World
countries that cooperated with the Soviet Union and practiced socialism or communism
Second World
countries that were not allied to either the United States or the Soviet Union
Third World
An imaginary line to set the boundary between the countries depending on their income levels and socio economic characteristics
The Brandt Line
The (Global South) has high levels of income and technological advancement
True or False (what is correct answer if false)
False - Global North
What does GDP and GNI stand for
GDP - gross domestic protocol
GNI - gross national income
(Lower-income) countries have $1,026 - $4,035 per capita income
True or False (what is correct answer if false)
False - lower-middle income
(High-income) countries have $12,476 or more per capita income
True or False (what is correct answer is false)
True
A political process characterized by cooperation and coordination among countries to form economic policies. The main purpose is to foster economic growth through reducing trade barriers
Regionalism
A process of dividing areas into smaller segments called regions
Regionalization
Countries form regional associations for?
Military defense
Expand resources and market
Protect independence from the pressure of global powers
Response to economic crises
Asian economies grow closer together and lean toward (multiple directions)
True or False (what is correct answer is false)
False - one direction
