TCP/IP Model Flashcards
tcp/ip layer
application
transport
internet
network interface
osi to tcp/ip model
application, presentation, session –> application
transport –> transport
network –> internet
data link, physical –> network interface
network interface
transmit bits across network
ethernet, token ring, fddi, rs-232
internet
packages data into ip datagrams and routes externally
ip, icmp, arp, rarp
transport
communication and session management
tcp, udp, rtp
application
how programs interface with transport
user interaction
http, telnet, ftp, snmp, dns, smtp, ssl, tls
ports
0 to 65,535
well known and reserved ports
0 to 1023
ephemeral ports
short-lived transport
1024 to 65,535
overhead of tcp and udp
tcp header 20 bytes
udp header 8 bytes
ipv4 packets
src addr
dest addr
ip flags
protocol (tcp/udp)
ftp
file transfer protocol
ports 20,21
transfer files, unsecure
ssh
secure shell
port 22
remote login to computer systems
sftp
ssh file transfer protocol
port 22
file access, file transfer, file management, secure
telnet
port 23
insecure ssh, dont use
smtp
simple mail transfer protocol
port 25
internet standard for sending electronic mail
dns
domain name system
port 53
domain names to ips
dhcp
dynamic host configuration protocol
ports 67,68
assign ip, subnet mask, default gateway and dns server dynamically
tftp
trivial file transfer protocol
port 69
booting an OS from LAN file server
stripped down ftp
http
hyper text transfer protocol
port 80
pop3
post office protocol v3
port 110
retrieve email from remote server
ntp
network time protocol
port 123
clock sync
netbios
port 139
allows communication over windows lan for file and printer sharing
imap
internet mail application
port 143
pop3+: end user can manipulate the messages as if they were stored locally
snmp
simple network management protocol
ports 161, 162
collect data about network devices and monitor their status
ldap
lightweight directory access protocol
port 389
vendor neutral directory access like active directory
https
hypertext transfer protocol secure
port 443
smb
server message block
port 445
windows file/printer sharing
syslog
system logging protocol
port 514
send logging data back to central server
smtp tls
simple mail transfer protocol transport layer security
port 587
secure and encrypted way to send emails
ldaps
lightweight directory access protocol secure
port 636
imap over ssl
internet message access protocol over secure socket layer
port 993
secure and encrypted way to receive emails
pop3 over ssl
post office protocol version 3 over secure socket layer
port 995
secure pop3
sql protocol
port 1433
client to database communication
sqlnet protocol
port 1521
client to oracle database communication
mysql protocol
port 3306
client to mysql database communication
rdp
remote desktop protocol
port 3389
windows gui for remote access
sip
session initiation protocol
ports 5060, 5061
initialize voip and video calls
gre
generic routing encapsulation protocol
simple way to create tunnel over public network
check MTU, no encryption
ipsec
internet protocol security protocol
set of secure communication protocols, protect data flows between peers over public wan
used in vpns
ah, esp
ah
authentication header
in ipsec
provides integrity and authentication
esp
encapsulating security payload
for data packets with ipsec
provides integrity and authentication
