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CompTIA Network+ > IP Addressing > Flashcards

IP Addressing Flashcards

1
Q

ipv4

A

32 bits

4-bit octets

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2
Q

subnet mask

A 
defines network portion 
network = 1 = 255
host = 0 
ex: 1.2.3.4 w/ 255.255.255.0
network = 1.2.3
host = 4
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3
Q

class a

A

first octet: 1-126
255.0.0.0
/8

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4
Q

class b

A

first octet: 128-191
255.255.0.0
/16

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5
Q

class c

A

first octet: 192-223
255.255.255.0
/24

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6
Q

class d

A

first octet: 224-239
n/a
n/a

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7
Q

private ips

A

used by anyone
not routable outside network

class a: 10.0.0.0-10.255.255.255
class b: 172.16.0.0-172.31.255.255
class c: 192.168.0.0-192.168.255.255
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8
Q

nat

A

network address translation
allows for routing of private ips through a public ip
how most home networks work

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9
Q

loopback ip

A

ipv4 127.0.0.0/8

ipv6 ::1/128

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10
Q

apipa

A

automatic private ip addresses
dynamically assigned by os when dhcp server is unavailable
169.254.0.0/16

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11
Q

vip/vipa

A

virtual ip/address

ip that does not correlate to an actual physical network interface

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12
Q

subinterfaces

A

virtual interface that is created by dividing up one physical interface into multiple logical interfaces

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13
Q

unicast

A

ipv4 and ipv6

data travels from a single source to single destination

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14
Q

multicast

A

ipv4 and ipv6

data travels from a single source to multiple but specific destinations

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15
Q

broadcast

A

just ipv4

data travels from a single source to all devices on a destination network

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16
Q

static ip assignment

A

simple, time consuming, prone to human error, impractical for large network

17
Q

dynamic ip assignment

A

quicker, easier, less confusing, simplistic for large networks

18
Q

components of dhcp

A

ip addr
subnet mask
default gateway
dns or wins server

wins: windows internet name service - converts netbios computer name into ip addr

19
Q

dhcp

A

dynamic host configuration protocol
assigns ip from an available scope
can use ip addr management software to keep track of those assigned
ip, subnet mask, default gateway, dns
each is given ttl and returned to pool when expired

20
Q

subnetting

A

default classful subnet masks are not always the best choice
borrow bits from host portion and add them to network
more efficient, more security, bandwidth control

21
Q

/25

A

255.255.255.128 –> 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000
2 subnet
128 ips

22
Q

/26

A

255.255.255.192 –> 11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000
4 subnet
64 ips

23
Q

/27

A

255.255.255.224 –> 11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000
8 subnet
32 ips

24
Q

/28

A

255.255.255.240 –> 11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000
16 subnet
16 ips

25
Q

/29

A

255.255.255.248 –> 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111000
32 subnet
8 ips

26
Q

/30

A

255.255.255.252 –> 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100
64 subnet
4 ips

27
Q

subnetting formulas

A

number of created subnets = 2^s
*s = # of borrowed bits

number of assignable ips = 2^h -2
*h = # of host bits

why subtract 2?
require 2 for network id (first) and broadcast ip (last)

total ips vs available ips(subtract network and broadcast)

28
Q

cidr

A

classless interdomain routing
multiple routes can be displayed as single address
aka route aggregation

29
Q

vlsm

A

variable-length subnet masking
allows subnets of varous sizes
requires routing protocols : ripv2, ospf, is-is, eigrp, bgp

30
Q

ipv6

A 
were running out of ipv4
340 undecillion addresses
no broadcasts or fragmentation
smaller header than ipv4
can coexist with ipv4
128bit 32 hex digits -> 8 sets of 4 hex digits
ex: 2018:0:0:0000:0:000:1234:ae44
condense 0s --> 2018::1234:ae44
31
Q

slaac

A

stateless address autoconfiguration
dhcp for ipv6
Discovers the current network that an interface is located on and then
select its own host ID based on its MAC address using the EUI64 process

32
Q

ndp

A

neighbor discovery protocol
ipv6 version of arp and broadcast; used to learn layer 2 addresses
router solicitation - host sends message to find routers
router advertisement - router advertise periodically and in response to solicitation
neighbor solicitation - used by nodes to determine mac addr
neighbor advertisement - used by nodes to respond to solicitation
redirect - routers tell host of better first hop routers

33
Q

anycast

A

for ipv6

let one host initiate updating of router tables for a group of hosts

CompTIA Network+ (22 decks)

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