Media and Cabling Distribution Flashcards
types of media
copper, fiber optic, wireless
coaxial cable
insulated copper core, braided metal shielding
RG-6
coaxial cable used by local cable companies to connect homes
RG-59
coaxial cable used to carry video between devices like cable box to tv
f-connector
coaxial cable connector used for cable tv and cable modems
bnc
old coaxial cable connector
twinaxial cable
like coax but uses 2 inner conductors
serial cable
series of straight copper wires inside plastic jacket
DB-9 or DB-25
9-pin or 25-pin serial cable for async connection to external modem
twisted pair cables
most popular physical media for lan
UTP/STP
8 individual insulated copper wires
tighter twists = less EMI
utp
unshielded twisted pair
cheaper, most common
stp
shielded twisted pair
costs more
more shielding = less EMI
used in factories with lots of lights or EMI
RJ-45
8-pin ethernet twisted pair connector
RJ-11
6-pin twisted pair connector
telephone systems
RJ
registered jack
used to carry voice or data
bandwidth
theoretical measure of how much data could be transferred from src to dest
throughput
actual measure of how much data is transferred from src to dest
cat3
10base-t
10Mbps
100m
cat5
100base-tx
100Mbps
100m
cat5e
1000base-t
1000Mbps
100m
cat6
1000base-t 1000Mbps 1000m
10Gbase-t 10Gbps 55m
cat6a
10Gbase-t
10Gbps
100m
cat7
10Gbase-t
10Gbps
100m
cat8
40Gbase-t
40Gbps
30m
cable runs
keep under 70m from idf to office
straight-through patch cables
contains the same pinout on both ends
connect laptop/desktop/server/router to switch/modem/hub/bridges
crossover patch cables
contains different pinouts on each end
t-568b t-568a
switch switch
laptop laptop
t-568b
orange/white orange green/white blue blue/white green brown/white brown
t-568a
green/white green orange/white blue blue/white orange brown/white brown
mdix
medium dependent interface crossover
automated way to electronically simulate crossover cable if using straight-through
plenum cable
special coating to make cable fire-retardant
mimeses dangerous fumes
ceilings walls and raised floors
non-plenum cable
pvc cables, default
dont use in raised floors ceilings or walls (places you cannot see them)
fiber optic cables
use light from led or laser to transmit information through glass
immune to EMI, longer range, more data capacity Tbps
mmf, smf
smf
single mode fiber
longer distances
smaller core size 8.3-10 microns
mmf
multimode fiber shorter distances larger core for multiple modes of travel 50-100 microns in diameter <2kms
sc
fiber subscriber connector
uses apc
st
fiber straight tip connector
lc
fiber local/lucent connector
mtrj
fiber mechanical transfer registered jack
uses upc
apc
angled physical contact
used with subscriber connector
upc
ultra physical contact
wdm
wavelength division multiplexing
combines multiple signals into 1 to send over single fiber using different wavelengths of light
cwdm
coarse wavelength division multiplexing up to 18 channels 20nm channel distance 10Gbps ethernet 16Gbps fiber
dwmd
dense wavelength division multiplexing
up to 80 channels
0.8nm channel distance
8Tbps = 100Gbps/channel
fiber optic advantages
higher bandwidth longer distances immune to EMI better security 40+ Km 69+ Tbps
copper advantages
less expensive
easy to install
< 100m
10Gbps
media converters / transceivers
convert media from one format to another
layer 1 device
ethernet to fiber
bidirectional transceiver/ half duplex
devices take turns communicating
either transmit or receive, not both at the same time
full duplex
devices can both communicate at the same time
gbic
Standard, gigabit Ethernet transceiver
copper or fiber
sfp
small form-factor pluggable
Compact, optical module transceiver
4.2 Gbps
sfp+
Enhanced small form-factor pluggable
16 Gbps
qsfp
quad small form-facto pluggable transceiver
40Gbps
qsfp+
enhanced quad small form-facto pluggable transceiver
41.2 Gbps
demarcation point
point where wan connection from isp enters your building
Cable Distribution
An organized system to connect
- the network’s backbone in the main distribution frame to the
- intermediate distribution frames and finally to the
- end user’s wall jacks
66 block
old punchdown block
Used for phones and older LAN wiring
Causes crosstalk due to proximity of cables
110 block
punchdown block used for higher-speed network wiring cat5+
Krone block
A proprietary European alternative to a 110 block
BIX block
Another proprietary punch down block that comes in various sizes
Patch Panels (Copper)
Device with jacks to connect wiring from the jack to a network switch in a
flexible manner
has punch downs on the back
has rj-45 on front
Patch Panels (Fiber)
Connect fiber jacks throughout building to a single patch panel in
network closet
Front uses patch cables to connect different wall jacks and switch ports
