TCP/IP Basics Flashcards
IP addresses are actually 1’s and 0’s
Dotted Decimal notation
Each octet in an IP address is valued between:
0 and 255
Each octet in an IP address represents a:
Binary string: example 192 is 11000000
Must know how to calculate IP’s from:
Binary to Octet and Octet to Binary
There are exactly 256 combinations for an Octet
How does your computer resolve MAC addresses from IP Addresses
Address Resolution Protocol ( ARP )
ARP’s are actually Broadcasts
to see all the mac address’s or your computers ARP cache :
arp -a in a command prompt
in DHCP __________ _____ cannot change but Host ID’s can
Network ID’s
In the Host ID what numbers can you not use in that octet?
0 or 255 , only 1 - 254
255.255.0.0 is also know as a :
/16 or Whack 16 Subnet mask
When a computer is of the local area network, what figures out where to send the ARP or forward the message to outside of the LAN?
Default gateway
Each host on a network needs the following:
IP Address
Subnet mask
Default Gateway
the host uses the ______________to know if the destination address is on the local or remote network
Subnet Mask
Each host knows the ___________ so that it can forward traffic to remote networks
Default Gateway
This companies job is to keep track of all the IP addresses out there . They actually send chunks of IP’s to Regional Internet Registry (RIR) all over the world.
iana or Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
Class licenses
Class A IP addresses range from 0-126 /8
127 is used for Loopback address
Class B IP addresses range from 128-191 /16
Class C IP addresses range from 192-223 /24
This process divides Network ID’s into two or more networks
Subnetting
IP addresses cannot end in 0’s or 255 but __________ can.
Subnets
This was the first effort to divide network ID’s
Classful Subnetting
All computers on a network need all 3 of these:
IP address
Subnet Mask
Default Gateway
A host or computer uses the _________ to know if the destination IP is local or remote
Subnet Mask
This process chops or breaks up one subnet into many smaller subnets:
Classless Inter Domain Routing ( CIDR )
Subnet masks have all 1’s on the left and all 0’s on the right
DHCP normally broadcasts as being a ______________
server
Linux’s protocol or BootStrap Protocol is known as:
bootp
The more _______ you have the less host or IP’s you’ll have.
subnets
Each broadcast domain must have ONLY _____ DHCP server.
One
The DHCP server MUST be ran within the ________ domain.
broadcast
What is the command to display network info on a MAC or Windows?
ipconfig
What is the command to display network info in Linux?
ifconfig
For a DHCP server to work, you need a ___________ and ___________
Server and client
A ____________ enables a single DHCP server to service more than one broadcast domain.
DHCP Relay
There are only 3 private IP addresses used on internal networks:
10.0.0.0
172.16.1.1 to 172.31.1.1
192.168.1.1
Loopback address for IPv4 that pings yourself is:
127.0.0.1
This is built into all DHCP servers to act as a backup
Automatic Private IP Addressing ( APIPA )
The loopback address for IPV6 is:
::1
This address indicates the DHCP server is down:
APIPA address of 169.254.1.1
Duplicate MAC addresses normally occur when you are using:
Virtual Machines
If the DHCP server ever goes down or you can’t see the network your IP address may be an:
Expired IP address
All the computers in one broadcast domain have the same:
Subnet mask
