Routing

Question 1

__________ filter and forward frames based on IP addresses

Answer 1

Routers

Question 2

_________ filter and forward frames based on MAC addresses

Answer 2

Switches

Question 3

__________ Interconnect network ID’s

Answer 3

Routers

Question 4

Routing tables are created automatically

Question 5

What do routing tables consist of?

Answer 5

Address - 192.168.15.0
Subnet mask - 255.255.255.0
Gateway - 0.0.0.0 ( all 0’s mean Default route )
Interface address - 192.168.15.1

Question 6

Routers don’t care where a packet came from just where it’s going.

Question 7

Routers are not tied to ethernet just the IP Packet

Question 8

Source ports that are generated ( passed 1024 ) by the computer itself are called:

Answer 8

ephemeral ports
( passed 1024 up to 65535 )

Question 9

Every TCP packet has ____ port numbers

Answer 9

2 - a Destination and Source Ports

Question 10

This is a method of mapping an IP address space into another by modifying network address information in the IP header of packets while they are in transit across a traffic routing device.

Answer 10

Network Address Translation ( NAT )

Question 11

What is the terminology called when the router sends specific traffic to one internal ID?

Answer 11

Static NAT ( Port Forwarding )

Question 12

Translates internal IP addresses to an Internet address and tracks the packets

Answer 12

Port Address Translation ( PAT ) or regular NAT

Question 13

What is the terminology called when the router sends specific traffic using multiple ( or fixed / limited ) number of IP’s?

Answer 13

Dynamic NAT ( Pooled NAT )

Question 14

SOHO routers ship with NAT ________ on the device.

Answer 14

Enabled

Question 15

NAT on a SOHO router can be disabled from the routers_______ ______?

Answer 15

Configuration Page

Question 16

Allows external devices to have internal communication through a router

Answer 16

Port Forwarding

Question 17

Will open an alternative assigned port when the initial port is contacted ( like FTP )

Answer 17

Port Triggering

Question 18

When setting up port forwarding, this places that device outside the protection of that router.

Answer 18

Enabling DMZ ( or demilitarized zone )

Question 19

Router Wan connections are:

Answer 19

commonly DHCP clients by default

Question 20

Almost all home routers are DHCP servers

Question 21

These devices are for small groups ( 5-6 device) and can have built in capability for switches, firewalls, and WAPs:

Answer 21

SOHO routers

Question 22

These devices have expanded connection capability to other devices ( like routers, switches, and WAPs )

Answer 22

Enterprise routers

Question 23

to see the routing table in a Windows machine:

Answer 23

routeprint or netstat -r

Question 24

Leasing a T3 line to connect 2 routers together outside of the Internet is called a:

Answer 24

Private “Intranet” route

Question 25

This is a fixed route that is manually configured and persistent

Answer 25

Static Route

Question 26

These contain address information for destination, subnet mask, gateway, and NIC’s

Answer 26

Routing tables.

Question 27

What is it called when all router tables reflect all tables?

Answer 27

Convergence

Question 28

This is when you are looking for how many routers it takes to get to another host or computer on the network or internet

Answer 28

Hop count

Question 29

Whats it called when you are looking for the most a packet or data can be hauled?

Answer 29

Maximum Transmission Unit ( MTU )

Question 30

What are some things that control the metrics in routing?

Answer 30

MTU, Cost, Latency, and Hop Count

Question 31

Where one router sends his routing table to all routers, leads on Hop count:

Answer 31

Distance Vector

Question 32

Where one router uses advertising, send out messages, like when they are down, or asking if other routers on the network are still available is called:

Answer 32

Link State

Question 33

There are 2 routing protocols, what are they?

Answer 33

IGP ( Interior Gateway Protocol ) & EGP ( Exterior Gateway Protocol )

Question 34

how ISP’s communicate with other ISP’s over the Internet and the only exterior gateway protocol is called:

Answer 34

Border Gateway Protocol ( BGP )

Question 35

instead of using IP addresses, routers use these to communicate or send data to other routers:

Answer 35

Autonomous System Numbers or ( ASN numbers )

Question 36

Protocols that use metrics to determine routes and are either Distance Vector or Link state

Answer 36

Dynamic routing

Question 37

This is a protocol that’s mainly used in smaller internal networks that don’t change very often, is one of the oldest protocols, uses Distance Vector and or Hop Counts

Answer 37

Routing Information Protocol ( RIP )

Question 38

RIP has a maximum hop count of ____ or it didn’t work.

Answer 38

15

Question 39

RIP1 used only ______ networks.

Answer 39

Classful

Question 40

the number 1 IGP out today, uses Link State protocol,

Answer 40

Open Shortest Path First ( OSPF )

Question 41

Instead of sending out entire routing tables Routers use Area ID’s, send out Link statements or messages, and convergence happens in seconds. this protocol is called:

Answer 41

OSPF

Question 42

Biggest, a hybrid protocol that has both Distance Vector and Link State built in, cornerstone of how the Internet communicates. Also is used in big organizations with intranets.

Answer 42

Border Gateway Protocol ( BGP )

Question 43

BGP breaks the entire internet down into thousands of Autonomous Systems or a group of one or more router networks that are controlled by one entity.

Question 44

Every AS on the internet has a ____Autonomous System Number and are from like 1 to 50,000

Answer 44

32-bit

Question 45

Remote Desktop Protocol used what port?

Answer 45

3389