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Biochemistry > TCA Cycle > Flashcards

TCA Cycle Flashcards

1
Q

what are all fuels broken down into that is the source of the TCA cycle?

A

acetyl CoA

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2
Q

what provides the link between glycolysis and the TCA cycle?

A

the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH)

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3
Q

where is the PDH complex located in the cell?

A

the mitochondrial matrix

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4
Q

what is the main goal of the PDH complex?

A

to conver pyruvate to acetyl-CoA

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5
Q

what is the red subunit, E1, of PDH

A

pyruvate dehydrogenase

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6
Q

what is the yellow subunit, E2, of PDH?

A

transacetylase core

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7
Q

what is the green subunit, E3, of PDH?

A

dihydrolipoyl-dehydrogenase

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8
Q

what is the end product of the PDH complex?

A

1 mol of NADH/H+ per one mol of pyruvate

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9
Q

what is the overall reaction of the PDH complex (what kind of reaction)?

A

oxidation

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10
Q

what are the two other names for the TCA cycle?

A

Krebs Cycle and Citric Acid cycle

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11
Q

what does TCA stand for?

A

tricarboxylic acid cycle

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12
Q

how many reaction take place in the TCA cycle?

A

8

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13
Q

of all the reactions that take place in the TCA cycle how many are energy-providing?

A

5

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14
Q

does the TCA cycle require O2 directly?

A

no, but it is still considered aerobic because it takes place in the mitochondria

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15
Q

how many ATP “equivalents” of energy does the TCA cycle provide?

A

12

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16
Q

what are the “ATP equivalents” that the TCA cycle provides?

A

3NADH/H+, 1FAD, and 1GTP

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17
Q

where does the TCA get the oxygen needed for the oxidation of the CH3CO- portion?

A

from water

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18
Q

how many CO2 molecules are produced by the oxydation of the CH3CO- group?

A

2 CO2

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19
Q

what are defined as enzymes that remove 2H+ along with 2e- and transfer them to a cofactor?

A

dehydrogenases

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20
Q

another word to describe dehydrogenation in this instance is….?

A

oxidation

21
Q

how many ATP can be taken from each NADH/H+

A

3 ATP

22
Q

how many ATP can be taken from FADH2?

A

2 ATP

23
Q

how many ATP can be made from 1 GTP?

A

1 ATP

24
Q

what is the first enzyme of the TCA cycle?

A

citrate synthase

25
Q

what does citrate synthase do?

A

combines Acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate to be citrate, gives of CoASH

26
Q

what is the second enzyme of the TCA cycle?

A

aconitase

27
Q

what does aconitase do?

A

it converts citrate to isocitrate by an isomerization reaction by dehydration the rehydration with the same H2O molecule

28
Q

what is the first enzyme that provides energy in the TCA cycle? what is made?

A

isocitrate dehydrogenase, 1 mol of NADH/H+

29
Q

what is the 3rd enzyme of the TCA cycle?

A

isocitrate dehydrogenase

30
Q

isocitrate dehydrogenase couples what two reactions?

A

oxidation and decarboxylation

31
Q

what is the 4th enzyme in the TCA cycle?

A

alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex

32
Q

what does the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex do?

A

converts alpha-ketoglutarate to succinyl CoA

33
Q

what complex resembles the PDH complex?

A

alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex

34
Q

how many enzymes are involved in the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex?

A

5

35
Q

what is generated by the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex?

A

1 mol of NADH/H+

36
Q

what is the second enzyme the provides energy in the TCA cycle?

A

the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex

37
Q

what two reactions are coupled by alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex?

A

decarboxylation and acyl transfer to coenzyme A

38
Q

what is TPP?

A

thiamine pyrophosphate

39
Q

what does TPP do?

A

binds the aldehye generated from decarboxylation of alpha-keotglutarate

40
Q

in terms of the TCA cycle what is TPP?

A

a coenzyme of the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex

41
Q

in terms of the TCA cycle what is lipoic acid?

A

a coenzyme of the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex

42
Q

what does lipoic acid do?

A

acts as transferring ‘crane arm’ between TPP and coenyzme A by transferring a succinyl-residue

43
Q

what allows lipoic acid to act as a crane arm?

A

it’s reactive disulfide bond

44
Q

which coenzyme of the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex generates energy, and in what form?

A

lipoic acid, 1NADH/H+

45
Q

what does FAD stand for?

A

flavin-adenine-dinucleotide

46
Q

what does FAD do?

A

regenerates lipoic acid

47
Q

how many reactions does CoA participate in the celll?

A

about 100

48
Q

what does coenzyme A do?

A

forms the final energy-rich thioester bond with the product of the reaction, to become succinyl-CoA

49
Q

can lipoic acid be made by our cells?

A

yes, but it is also available as a supplement

Biochemistry (7 decks)

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