TBL5B Epithelia

Question 1

The apical plasma membranes of ABSORPTIVE epithelial cells have _______, that are embedded with carrier proteins.

E.g.

Answer 1

microvilli

E.g. intestinal enterocytes (absorptive cells) possess apical brush borders which increase surface area for the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream

Question 2

There are two main types of secretion.

Answer 2

Constitutive secretion: secretory vesicles move directly to the plasma membrane and fuse to release contents (always occurring)

Stimulated secretion: secretory vesicles are stored in the cytoplasm until a signal is given for them to fuse with the plasma membrane to release its contents (regulated)

Question 3

______ cells are secretory cells found in the intestinal epithelium. They secrete mucus into the intestinal lumen to lubricate food.

Answer 3

Goblet cells

Question 4

The pancreas is largely made up of secretory tissues in the epithelium - ________ and ______.

Answer 4

exocrine (secrete into the lumen/duct) and endocrine (secrete into the bloodstream)

Question 5

Thick skin is made up of protective epithelia known as the epidermis. Its structure is that of

Answer 5

Epidermis (thick) - keratinising stratified squamous epithelial layer

Question 6

Protective epithelia are usually _________.

Answer 6

stratified squamous

e.g. oesophageal wall, vagina, cervix, etc.

Question 7

The epithelium of lung alveoli, endothelium and mesothelium

Answer 7

Single squamous - allows for diffusion

Question 8

The epithelium of kidney collecting ducts, secretory glands

Answer 8

Single cuboidal - secretion and absorption of substances

Question 9

The epithelium of ciliated tissues and digestive tract

Answer 9

Single columnar - absorption of nutrients and secretion of mucus and digestive enzymes

Question 10

The epidermis

Answer 10

Keratinising (nuclei NOT visible) stratified squamous - protection against abrasion

Question 11

The epithelium of mouth, oesophagus, anus, cervix, vagina

Answer 11

Non-keratinising (nuclei visible) stratified squamous

Question 12

Glandular structures such as mammary glands, salivary glands

Answer 12

Stratified cuboidal - protection of tissues

Question 13

Epithelium of male urethra and ducts

Answer 13

Stratified columnar - secretion and protection of tissues

Question 14

Urothelium

Answer 14

Transits from columnar to squamous (transitional)

Question 15

Pseudostratified columnar epithelial cells are characteristic of

Answer 15

Upper airways and tracts (trachea and bronchi), reproductive tracts