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Therapeutics Exam 2 > TB > Flashcards

TB Flashcards

0
Q

TB bacteria usually affect…

A

Lungs, but can can attack any part of the body

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1
Q

TB is caused by…

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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2
Q

Define Latent TB

A

Asymptomatic
Neg. Chest X-ray
Still at risk for progressing to active TB

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3
Q

Define multi drug resistant TB

A

TB resistant to at least 2 of the preferred TB drugs

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4
Q

RF’s for TB…

A 
Early adulthood (25-44 y/o)
Low socioeconomic status 
Non-white males
Prolonged contact with infectious source
***HIV is the most important RF for Active TB
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5
Q

Describe the TB pathogen

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an AEROBIC, GRAM POSITIVE bacteria with an unusual waxy coating on cell surface making it impervious to gram staining.
Acid-fast bacilli

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6
Q

Progression to active TB depends on what 3 factors?

A

of M. tuberculosis orgs inhaled
Virulence of the orgs
Host’s cell mediated immune response

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7
Q

Skin test for TB:

A

Purified Protein Derivative (PPD)
Measures presence of cellular immunity by assessing delayed-type hypersensitivity
Downfalls:”Booster” effect, BCG interferes, multiple visits req’d, subjective interpretation

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8
Q

Blood test for TB:

A

Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA)
Assays QuantiFERON Gold and T-Spot
Advantages: quick, specific results, no “booster” effect or BCG interference, unbiased

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9
Q

What can be given with INH to help with neurotoxic ADEs?

A

Pyridoxine

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10
Q

Monitoring for INH…

A

LFTs, peripheral neuropathy

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11
Q

Monitoring for Rifampin…

A

LFTs

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12
Q

PC for Rifampin

A

Give on empty stomach

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13
Q

Initial TB regimen

A

4 drugs (RIPE) x 2 months, repeat smears and cultures

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14
Q

Continuation drugs for active TB Infxn…

A

INH/RIF

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15
Q

Which 1st line agent has the highest risk of resistance?

A

INH

16
Q

If an isolate is resistant to ____, it often is MDR TB

A

RIF

17
Q

____ resistance most likely infers resistance to INH, RIF, and streptomycin

A

Pyrazinamide (PZA)

18
Q

Which 1st line agent has the lowest incidence of resistance?

A

ETB

19
Q

ADE with ETB?

A

Visual disturbances

20
Q

Monitoring response to TB tx…

A
  • Sputum smears/cultures repeated monthly until 3 negatives
  • obtain chest X-ray at end of tx for future reference
  • follow up at 6mo and 1yr after tx
21
Q

TB drug to avoid in pregnancy…

A

PZA

22
Q

BL monitoring for PZA?

A

Uric acid - causes gout

23
Q

BL monitoring of ETB?

A

Eye exam

Therapeutics Exam 2 (15 decks)

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