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biology > taxonomy test > Flashcards

taxonomy test Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

discipline of assigning a universally accepted name

A

taxonomy

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2
Q

what was the first attempt at naming based on

A

physical characteristics

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3
Q

“two name” naming system

A

binomial nomenclature

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4
Q

group of closely related species

A

genus

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5
Q

unique to certain members of a genus

A

Species

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6
Q

what are the taxonomic levels

A

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

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7
Q

evolutionary relationships among organisms or the study of how living and extinct animals are related

A

phylogeny

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8
Q

diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms

A

cladogram

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9
Q

a group of species that includes a single common ancestor and all descendants of that ancestor

A

clade

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10
Q

characteristics that appear in the recent parts of the lineage, but not in its older members

A

derived characters

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11
Q

why might organisms that are similar in appearance might not not be related due to

A

convergent evolution

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12
Q

the higher level the taxon

A

the further back in time the ancestor was

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13
Q

we now group organisms based on

A

phylogeny and phenotype

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14
Q

why is DNA relevant in explaining evolutionary relationships?

A

the more similar the DNA, the more closely related the organisms and the more recent the common ancestor

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15
Q

the farther each species has diverged,

A

the less similar the DNA will be

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16
Q

genes show important relationships at the

A

molecular level

17
Q

what can you use to determine classification

A

DNA

18
Q

During Linnaeus’ time the only two kingdoms were

A

plants and animals

19
Q

green photosynthetic organisms that use energy from the sun

A

plants

20
Q

mobile organisms that use energy for food

A

animal

21
Q

Swedish botanist in the late 1730’s

A

Carolus Linnaeus

22
Q

the science of naming and grouping organisms is called

A

systematics

23
Q

a point at which two groups branched off from each other.

A

node

24
Q

a group that includes all species that are descended from a common ancestor.

A

monophyletic group

25
Q

domain of unicellular prokaryotic organisms that do not have peptidoglycan in their cell walls

A

archaea

26
Q

domain of unicellular prokaryotic organisms that have Peptidoglycan in their cell walls

A

bacteria

27
Q

Domain that consists of all organisms that have a nucleus

A

Eukarya

28
Q

animals with backbones

A

vertebrate

29
Q

where do vertebrate belong

A

phylum

30
Q

what is another name for vertebrate

A

Chordata

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